By Benjamin Ferguson, Golden Mwinsa, Kasoka Kasoka, and Frances Griffiths UNAIDS 2023 figures estimate the incidence of HIV/AIDS in Zambia at 9.8%, one of the highest rates in the world. However, the country has made significant progress, halving infections over the past 25 years. Zambia now meets two of UNAIDS three 95% goals: 98% […]
Category: consent
The USA’s Food and Drug Administration and informed consent
By Hugh Davies The Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) initiative Over the last three decades seeking consent of patients or volunteers to join a medical research study has become dominated by an increasingly lengthy, opaque and Participant Information Sheet (PIS), shielding the researcher from liability. The FDA argues that Informed consent documents are often long, […]
Simulated empathy in surgical informed consent: Should AI comfort patients or just inform them?
By Pranab Rudra. The use of AI in healthcare is rapidly expanding, raising critical ethical questions about its role in informed consent, a process that relies not only on clear, accurate information but also on genuine human connection. This focus is crucial because informed consent is both an informational and an emotional interaction, and any […]
How treatment framing can mislead
By Shang Long Yeo Suppose a doctor believes that some treatment best serves a patient’s interests, and knows that framing treatment outcomes in terms of survival rates (‘out of 100 who took the treatment, 90 survive’) rather than death rates (’10 die’) will make it more likely for the patient to consent. Is the doctor […]
Medical research with human samples and health data—why ‘dynamic’ consent is not the solution
By Andreas Bruns and Eva C Winkler. Informed consent is a central principle of medical research ethics. Traditionally, consent is required to respect the autonomy of human research subjects—their right to make their own, informed decision about whether or not to participate in medical research. However, this principle has come under significant pressure with the […]
Interdisciplinary collaboration to identify and address ethical issues arising from the development of irreversible, high risk medical treatments
By Alex Harris & Frederic Gilbert. There are increasing numbers of clinical trials assessing high risk, irreversible treatments. While a clinical trial aims to assess the safety and efficacy of a clinical intervention, participants enrolled in trials of high risk, irreversible treatments may be left with significant ongoing or emerging burdens after exiting the trial. […]
Martha’s rule: rebalancing power dynamics between patients or families and clinicians to improve patient outcomes
By Ilaria Bertini. UK media outlets have reported the upcoming implementation of Martha’s Rule within NHS foundation trusts, starting from April 2024. This rule will enable swift second medical opinions for patients, healthcare practitioners, or families who express concerns regarding the patient’s response to care provided. This new pathway takes its name from a 13-year-old […]
Voicing the realities of patient consent to unplanned obstetric interventions
By Frances Hand*, Morganne Wilbourne*, Sophie McAllister, Louise Print-Lyons, and Meena Bhatia. Approximately 46% of primiparous women using NHS facilities undergo an obstetric intervention during their labour. For women with a planned intervention (usually a caesarean birth) conversations regarding consent are mostly straightforward and occur during the pregnancy. Where an intervention is unplanned, current practice […]
Mindless consent
By Edwin Jesudason. How could consent be mindless, if it’s about our choosing to give permission? We could suggest at least two ways, the first familiar, the second – and the topic of this blog – perhaps less so. The first is habitual: the mindless ‘consent’ many of us give, with a passing click or […]
Threats to autonomy in uterus provision
By J. Y. Lee. In my recent extended essay published in JME, I argued that transitioning transgender men and cisgender women who do not wish to gestate should not be excluded from opportunities to autonomously provide their uterus in service of uterus transplantations (UTx). My argument was motivated by the fact that it is the norm […]