Many liver diseases are accompanied by yellow jaundice due to impaired elimination of bilirubin, which is generated from biliverdin through biliverdin reductase activity. Two cases of unrelated Inuit women from different geographic areas in Greenland suffering from episodes of green jaundice due to biliverdin accumulation associated with biliary obstruction are reported. A mutation in the […]
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A molecular analysis of individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and optic pathway gliomas (OPGs), and an assessment of genotype–phenotype correlations
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common genetic disorder affecting 1 in 2500 individuals. Many individuals are mildly affected but a third of affected individuals unfortunately may develop one or more of the serious complications in their lifetime. One such complication is a benign tumour of the nerve to the eye (optic pathway glioma (OPG)) […]
Cranial meningiomas in 411 neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) patients with proven gene mutations: clear positional effect of mutations, but absence of female severity effect on age at onset
Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is caused by mutations in the NF2 gene. Around half of NF2 patients in various studies have been shown to have meningiomas, although the factors determining which individuals will develop meningiomas are unclear. We analysed the correlation between incidence of cranial meningiomas and mutation position within the NF2 gene in 411 […]
DICER1 syndrome – clarifying the diagnosis, clinical features and management implications of a pleiotropic tumor predisposition syndrome
Dicer1 is essential in the production of microRNAs and germline DICER1 mutations have been reported to cause familial pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB), a rare childhood lung tumor. Our work defines the phenotype associated with this gene; sporadic and familial PPB, cystic nephroma, ovarian Sertoli-Leydig tumor and cystic thyroid disease. There was no loss of the wildtype […]
Clinical features distinguish childhood chordoma associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) from chordoma in the general pediatric population
Chordoma is an age-dependent bone cancer that is rare in children. Reports of chordoma in children with TSC, an autosomal dominant neurocutaneous syndrome, suggest a biological relationship between the two diseases. We compared 10 children reported with TSC and chordoma to 65 pediatric chordoma cases reported to 17 US population-based cancer registries in SEER. The […]
Rapid identification of mutations in GJC2 in primary lymphoedema using whole exome sequencing combined with linkage analysis with delineation of the phenotype
Lymphoedema is swelling of parts of the body due to a failure of the lymph vessels. The lymph system takes up fluid from the tissues, and transports cells that fight against infection round the body. This paper describes the identification of a gene which can cause lymphoedema. A newly developed technique known as whole exome […]
GENOTYPE-PHENOTYPE STUDY OF FAMILIAL HEMOPHAGOCYTIC LYMPHOHISTIOCYTOSIS TYPE 3
Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (FHL) is a rare immunodeficiency causing insufficient defence of the child or infant from infections, through defective killing of virus-infected and stimulating dendritic cells. The clinical picture resembles leukemia; final diagnosis comes from specific immune tests and mutation analysis. Among FHL-related genes recognized since 1999, UNC13D is responsible for a wide proportion […]
What did we learn from the genome-wide association study for tuberculosis susceptibility?
A well-designed and rigorous genome-wide association study (GWAS) on tuberculosis (TB) susceptibility provided an opportunity to examine the genetic association from previously reported TB candidate genes. We performed a simulation study based on the Wellcome Trust Case-Control Consortium (WTCCC) TB GWAS data. As shown by our simulation results, the previously reported TB candidate genes were […]
Chromosome fragility in Fanconi anemia patients: diagnostic implications and clinical impact
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare syndrome characterized by bone marrow failure, malformations, and cancer predisposition. Chromosome fragility induced by DNA interstrand crosslink (ICL)-inducing drugs is the gold standard diagnostic test for FA. We present data from 198 chromosome fragility tests and propose a new chromosome fragility index that provides a cut-off diagnostic level to […]
TMEM70 mutations are a common cause of nuclear encoded ATP synthase assembly defect: further delineation of a new syndrome
Complex V of the respiratory chain (also termed ATP Synthase) is the final step in this process cellular energy production in the form of ATP molecules. TMEM70 gene defects were recently shown to cause ATP synthase deficiency in several patients of gypsy origin. In this study we describe six Israeli patients caused by four novel […]