{"id":1357,"date":"2018-05-14T05:19:09","date_gmt":"2018-05-14T05:19:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/tc\/?p=1357"},"modified":"2018-05-16T10:51:10","modified_gmt":"2018-05-16T10:51:10","slug":"differences-in-tobacco-product-depiction-in-a-movies-promotion-material-the-case-of-i-tonya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/tc\/2018\/05\/14\/differences-in-tobacco-product-depiction-in-a-movies-promotion-material-the-case-of-i-tonya\/","title":{"rendered":"Differences in tobacco product depiction in a movie\u2019s promotion material: the case of I, Tonya"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>May CI van Schalkwyk, <\/strong><strong>Imperial College London<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"mailto:m.van-schalkwyk@imperial.ac.uk\">m.van-schalkwyk@imperial.ac.uk<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Martin McKee,<\/strong> <strong>London School of Hygiene &amp; Tropical Medicine<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Based on true events, the movie <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.itonyamovie.com\/\">I, Tonya<\/a><\/em> is an American black comedy that follows the life of figure skater Tonya Harding and her alleged association with the attack of her fellow Olympic competitor Nancy Kerrigan. Since its world premiere at the Toronto International Film Festival on the 8<sup>th<\/sup> September 2017, at the time of writing, it has <a href=\"https:\/\/www.the-numbers.com\/movie\/I-Tonya#tab=summary\">generated worldwide takings of nearly $46 million<\/a> from an estimated budget of $11 million. Produced by Clubhouse Pictures (II) and LuckyChap Entertainment, it is distributed in the UK by Entertainment One UK Ltd.<\/p>\n<p>It is not unusual for promotional material for movies distributed globally to differ according to the market, with well-documented examples in certain markets giving greater prominence to individual actors, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/film\/2013\/dec\/24\/12-years-slave-italy-posters-pitt-ejiofor\">often those who are white and male<\/a>. <em>I, Tonya<\/em> has attracted comment because of its extensive portrayal of smoking, including a clip in which Harding\u2019s mother, played by Allison Janney, smokes in the ice ring, something that <a href=\"https:\/\/hellogiggles.com\/reviews-coverage\/movies\/tonya-harding-i-tonya-mother-didnt-do\/\">Harding has said never happened<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>We searched online fora to identify promotional material for <em>I, Tonya<\/em> and, in particular, the inclusion of cigarettes. In the UK, Margot Robbie, who plays Tonya Harding, is depicted holding a cigarette in her right hand while the words \u201cfitting in is overrated\u201d feature on her left, as shown below.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/tc\/files\/2018\/05\/I-tonya-UK.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-1358\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/tc\/files\/2018\/05\/I-tonya-UK-201x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"201\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/tc\/files\/2018\/05\/I-tonya-UK-201x300.jpg 201w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/tc\/files\/2018\/05\/I-tonya-UK.jpg 254w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 201px) 100vw, 201px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The idea of smoking as an act of adolescent rebellion has <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC1447482\/\">long been exploited by the tobacco industry<\/a>.\u00a0The UK image is absent from material displayed on mainstream cinema websites in <a href=\"http:\/\/www.classification.gov.au\/Pages\/View.aspx?sid=gLqaQ1w3PjcyIT6qdZdxFg%253d%253d&amp;ncdctx=GnMxbNYWWMuZVgjFlx9J9jMA0QmVfnojq9js7YXaw3TeBmMhG6z8o0q94eI4CRFM\">Australia<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amctheatres.com\/search?q=I+tonya\">America<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ugc.fr\/film.html?id=12042\">France<\/a> and in material used by the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.imdb.com\/title\/tt5580036\/?ref_=ttrel_rel_tt\">Internet Movie Database<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>While paid placement of tobacco products in TV, film or other media is banned in the UK under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tobaccocontrollaws.org\/legislation\/country\/england\/summary\">The Product Placement Regulations and the Tobacco Advertising and Promotion Act 2002<\/a>, only limited restrictions are placed on unpaid depictions of tobacco use or products.\u00a0Youth in the UK have historically been <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lancet\/article\/PIIS0140-6736(13)62491-5\/abstract\">exposed to high levels of tobacco imagery in films<\/a>, and are also exposed through <a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jpubhealth\/article\/39\/3\/427\/3003025\">magazines<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/tv-and-radio\/2018\/mar\/20\/netflix-criticised-for-too-many-smoking-scenes?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other\">TV on demand<\/a>. While exposure to smoking imagery has been shown to be causally related to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/tobacco\/data_statistics\/fact_sheets\/youth_data\/movies\/index.htm\">initiation of smoking by youth only for movies<\/a>, it seems likely that imagery in other forms of media will at <a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jpubhealth\/article\/39\/3\/427\/3003025\">least reinforce the effects<\/a> of what is portrayed on-screen.<\/p>\n<p>In India, renowned for its strong legislation on tobacco imagery, the Delhi government\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hindustantimes.com\/india-news\/film-posters-of-actor-holding-a-cigarette-to-be-withdrawn-after-delhi-s-tobacco-cell-notice\/story-mXCbOCPVJxQZPmUDOjm2NN.html\">State Tobacco Control Cell recently ordered the removal of all promotional material<\/a> for the film \u2018Ittefaq\u2019 (English: Coincidence) as it featured tobacco imagery. Could the same be done in the UK? The British Board of Film Classification (BBFC), a non-governmental body, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbfc.co.uk\/releases\/i-tonya-film\">classifies cinema films, videos\/DVDs and their trailers<\/a> but poster advertising falls outside their remit. The Advertising Standards Authority regulates advertisements, including those featured on the internet, while Trading Standards departments in local government oversee <a href=\"https:\/\/www.asa.org.uk\/about-asa-and-cap\/the-work-we-do\/what-we-cover.html\">false claims made on posters<\/a>, but neither have a remit to act against portrayals such as that in <em>I, Tonya<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Even where there is no evidence of industry involvement or intent to promote smoking by the film makers or distributors, the choice of poster is a form of tobacco promotion. <em>I, Tonya <\/em>exposes a regulatory gap in the UK. The inclusion of smoking imagery is obviously not essential. If it was, it would be consistent across markets. The argument for much stronger action by the BBFC against the portrayal of smoking in movies <a href=\"http:\/\/thorax.bmj.com\/content\/thoraxjnl\/65\/5\/377.full.pdf\">has been made before<\/a>, although without success. However, as the example of <em>I, Tonya<\/em> shows, such action should not be limited to what is shown on the screen but to the promotional material that accompanies it.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1359\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1359\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/tc\/files\/2018\/05\/i-tonya-posters.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1359\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/tc\/files\/2018\/05\/i-tonya-posters-300x170.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"170\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/tc\/files\/2018\/05\/i-tonya-posters-300x170.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/tc\/files\/2018\/05\/i-tonya-posters-768x435.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/tc\/files\/2018\/05\/i-tonya-posters-1024x580.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/tc\/files\/2018\/05\/i-tonya-posters.jpg 1653w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1359\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Example versions of promotional material for I, Tonya. Poster A features on the website of AMC Theatres, an American cinema chain, as well as the I, Tonya page of the Internet Movie database (IMDb). Poster B features on the websites of the BBFC and UK-based Cineworld and poster C features on the website of UGC cinemas, France. Poster D features on the relevant page of the Australian Classification Board. Content E features on UK-based Vue cinema website and F and G feature on the Australia-based Dendy cinema website.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<!--TrendMD v2.4.8--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 May CI van Schalkwyk, Imperial College London m.van-schalkwyk@imperial.ac.uk Martin McKee, London School of Hygiene &amp; Tropical Medicine Based on true events, the movie I, Tonya is an American black comedy that follows the life of figure skater Tonya Harding and her alleged association with the attack of her fellow Olympic competitor Nancy Kerrigan. Since [&#8230;]<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn btn-secondary understrap-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/tc\/2018\/05\/14\/differences-in-tobacco-product-depiction-in-a-movies-promotion-material-the-case-of-i-tonya\/\">Read More&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6837,1614],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1357","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-movies","category-united-kingdom"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Differences in tobacco product depiction in a movie\u2019s promotion material: the case of I, Tonya - Blog - Tobacco Control<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/tc\/2018\/05\/14\/differences-in-tobacco-product-depiction-in-a-movies-promotion-material-the-case-of-i-tonya\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Differences in tobacco product depiction in a movie\u2019s promotion material: the case of I, Tonya - Blog - Tobacco Control\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00a0 May CI van Schalkwyk, Imperial College London m.van-schalkwyk@imperial.ac.uk Martin McKee, London School of Hygiene &amp; Tropical Medicine Based on true events, the movie I, Tonya is an American black comedy that follows the life of figure skater Tonya Harding and her alleged association with the attack of her fellow Olympic competitor Nancy Kerrigan. 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