{"id":110,"date":"2019-08-29T09:55:36","date_gmt":"2019-08-29T09:55:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/?p=110"},"modified":"2019-08-29T10:24:35","modified_gmt":"2019-08-29T10:24:35","slug":"response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/2019\/08\/29\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\/","title":{"rendered":"Response: Let\u2019s work together to explore the evidence base for all preclinical research methodologies"},"content":{"rendered":"

 <\/p>\n

In response to: Drug discovery and preclinical drug development \u2013 have animal studies really failed?<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

By Pandora Pound and Merel Ritskes-Hoitinga<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

A case of the \u2018straw man\u2019?<\/strong><\/p>\n

We came across this blog<\/a> in BMJ Open Science by chance this week. The blog, entitled \u2018Drug discovery and preclinical drug development \u2013 have animal studies really failed?\u2019 was written by Steckler and Macleod in response to a paper we published in the Journal of Translational Medicine. Our paper proposes that translation from animals to humans will only be reliable if preclinical animal studies are both internally and externally valid (Pound and Ritskes-Hoitinga 2018). Essentially our argument is that while some problems of external validity can be overcome, the problem of animal-human species differences will always undermine external validity and therefore the reliable translation of preclinical findings to humans. Our<\/span> paper focuses purely on scientific validity and its relation to clinical translation. At no point do we consider the ethics of animal studies. Strangely, however, Steckler and Macleod suggest that our argument is <\/span>\"\"misconceived because it conflates <\/span>two ethical considerations; first, whether it can ever be ethical to conduct research on animals, and second, how can animal research be conducted \u2018most ethically\u2019. This is perhaps a classic case of the \u2018straw man\u2019 fallacy. At <\/span>no point do Steckler <\/span>and<\/span> Macleod address our actual argument, namely that animal models can neve<\/span>r be fully externally valid and therefore will never translate reliably. Furthermore, the authors wrongly assert that we propose that animal research should be <\/span>discontinued, based on a harm-benefit assessment. Again this is nowhere proposed in our paper. There are other inaccuracies, including the statement that the Dutch parliament aims to end all animal experiments by 2020. In fact the aim of the\u00a0<\/span>Dutch parliament is to phase out animal testing for research on the safety of chemicals, by 2025.<\/span><\/p>\n

Experimental rigour in in vitro research<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nevertheless, the authors raise an important point in highlighting the need for experimental rigour and reporting in in vitro research. Fortunately activity in this area is burgeoning due to the increased use of in<\/p>\n

\u00a0vitro studies in drug discovery. Several tools to assess risk of bias for in vitro studies have been proposed (e.g. Rooney 2015; Lynch et al 2016; Beronius 2018; de Vries and Whaley 2018) and a systematic review is ongoing (Al Saadi et al 2016). The problem of reporting in vitro studies is also being addressed (Hartung et al 2019) and <\/span>guidelines are being developed. <\/a>In the process of transitioning towards animal free innovations within the Netherlands it is clearly acknowledged that the reliability and validity of new approaches must be taken into account from the very beginning of their development. More funding is needed, however, to explore these issues. Two major UK funders have recently stated that they aim to fund exploration of emerging technologies such as 3D tissue models and organoids (MRC 2019), as well as new approaches to reduce the use of animals <\/span>and provide more effective tools for studying animal and human biology (BBSRC 2019). Within these funding streams it will be vital to investigate the reliability and validity of new approach methodologies.<\/span><\/p>\n

Challenges to the use of animals in research<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"
Image credit: Flickr user Mycroyance<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Steckler and Macleod conclude their blog by stating, \u2018we believe that arguments to end the use of animals in research remain primarily philosophical rather than scientific\u2019. They are of course entitled to this belief, but evidence suggests that the debate has moved on. Challenges to the use of animals in science no longer come solely from philosophers or ethicists, but from within science itself; from scientists exposing the weaknesses and inconsistencies of the animal model paradigm and from those developing new, more human-relevant approaches to drug discovery. For the sake of patients, let us work together to explore the evidence base for all<\/em> preclinical model systems, in order to achieve reliable and scientifically valid translational methods and paradigms.<\/p>\n

\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Dr Pandora Pound is a Research Consultant with the Safer Medicines Trust<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Safer Medicines Trust,
\nPO Box 122, Kingsbridge,
\nTQ7 9AX,
\nUK<\/p>\n

Email:<\/strong> pandora@safermedicines.org<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"Dr Merel Ritskes-Hoitinga is a Professor in Evidence-Based Laboratory Animal Science at the Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center and leads the SYRCLE<\/a> research group.<\/p>\n

SYRCLE,
\nDepartment for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center,
\nPO Box 9101, Route 133, 6500 HB
\nNijmegen,
\nThe Netherlands<\/p>\n

Email<\/strong>: merel.ritskes-hoitinga@radboudumc.nl<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

Conflict of interests<\/strong><\/p>\n

PP declares that she has no conflicts of interest. MR-H is a member of the council of management of the UK registered company Laboratory Animals Ltd (LAL). LAL issues the journal Laboratory Animals. The position is unpaid but travel to LAL meetings is reimbursed. The journal’s profits are used for charitable purposes, subsidising educational projects in laboratory animal science and welfare.<\/p>\n

\n

References<\/strong><\/p>\n

Al Saadi, Fala S, Hassan Akl, H. et al. Tools for methodological quality and risk of bias assessment for in-vitro studies: a systematic review protocol. June 2016, DOI:\u00a010.13140\/RG.2.1.1515.9925<\/p>\n

BBSRC (Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council). Delivery Plan 2019. 2019, https:\/\/www.ukri.org\/files\/about\/dps\/bbsrc-dp-2019\/<\/a> (Accessed 6\/8\/2019)<\/p>\n

Beronius A. The SciRAP tool for assessing the quality of in vitro studies. 2018, http:\/\/dels.nas.edu\/resources\/static-assets\/best\/miscellaneous\/Mechanistic-Workshop\/S2_Beronius_SciRAPinvitro.pdf<\/a> (accessed 6\/8\/2019)<\/p>\n

de Vries RBM, Whaley PA<\/a>.\u00a0In Vitro Critical Appraisal Tool (IV-CAT): Tool Development Protocol<\/a>. 2018. 21 p.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.1493498<\/a><\/p>\n

Hartung T, De Vries R, Hoffmann S, Hogberg HT, Smirnova L, Tsaioun K, Whaley P, Leist M. Toward Good In Vitro Reporting Standards. Alternatives to Animal Experimentation: ALTEX. 2019;36(1):3-17.<\/p>\n

Lynch HN, Goodman JE, Tabony JA, Rhomberg LR. Systematic comparison of study quality criteria. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology. 2016;76:187-98.<\/p>\n

MRC (Medical Research Council). Delivery Plan 2019. 2019. https:\/\/www.ukri.org\/files\/about\/dps\/mrc-dp-2019\/<\/a> (Accessed 6\/8\/2019)<\/p>\n

Pound P, Ritskes-Hoitinga M. Is it possible to overcome issues of external validity in preclinical animal research? Why most animal models are bound to fail. Journal of translational Medicine 2018;16:304.<\/p>\n

Rooney A. Extending a risk-of-bias approach to address in vitro studies. 2015, https:\/\/ofmpub.epa.gov\/eims\/eimscomm.getfile?p_download_id=526750<\/a><\/p>\n

Rooney A. Protocol to evaluate the evidence for an association between perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) or perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) exposure and immunotoxicity. 2015. https:\/\/ntp.niehs.nih.gov\/ntp\/ohat\/pfoa_pfos\/protocol_201506_508.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  In response to: Drug discovery and preclinical drug development \u2013 have animal studies really failed? By Pandora Pound and Merel Ritskes-Hoitinga A case of the \u2018straw man\u2019? We came across this blog in BMJ Open Science by chance this week. The blog, entitled \u2018Drug discovery and preclinical drug development \u2013 have animal studies really […]<\/p>\n

Read More…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":348,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[31,30,32],"class_list":["post-110","post","type-post","status-publish","format-image","hentry","category-research-quality","tag-preclinical-research","tag-response","tag-translation","post_format-post-format-image"],"yoast_head":"\nResponse: Let\u2019s work together to explore the evidence base for all preclinical research methodologies - BMJ Open Science<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/2019\/08\/29\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Response: Let\u2019s work together to explore the evidence base for all preclinical research methodologies - BMJ Open Science\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"  In response to: Drug discovery and preclinical drug development \u2013 have animal studies really failed? By Pandora Pound and Merel Ritskes-Hoitinga A case of the \u2018straw man\u2019? We came across this blog in BMJ Open Science by chance this week. The blog, entitled \u2018Drug discovery and preclinical drug development \u2013 have animal studies really [...]Read More...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/2019\/08\/29\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"BMJ Open Science\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-08-29T09:55:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-08-29T10:24:35+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/files\/2019\/08\/straw2.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Kaitlyn Hair\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Kaitlyn Hair\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/29\\\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/29\\\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Kaitlyn Hair\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/85f4f196ae9e44e2e9a22def1af575ed\"},\"headline\":\"Response: Let\u2019s work together to explore the evidence base for all preclinical research methodologies\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-08-29T09:55:36+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2019-08-29T10:24:35+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/29\\\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1047,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/29\\\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/files\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/straw2.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"preclinical research\",\"response\",\"translation\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Research Quality\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/29\\\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/29\\\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\\\/\",\"name\":\"Response: Let\u2019s work together to explore the evidence base for all preclinical research methodologies - BMJ Open Science\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/29\\\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/29\\\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/files\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/straw2.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-08-29T09:55:36+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2019-08-29T10:24:35+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/29\\\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/29\\\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/29\\\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/files\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/straw2.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/files\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/straw2.jpg\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/29\\\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Response: Let\u2019s work together to explore the evidence base for all preclinical research methodologies\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/\",\"name\":\"BMJ Open Science\",\"description\":\"Blogging about our preclinical research and improving the transparency, integrity, and reproducibility of research closely aligned to medicine.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"BMJ Open Science\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/files\\\/2017\\\/11\\\/blog-logo-bmj-open-science.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/files\\\/2017\\\/11\\\/blog-logo-bmj-open-science.png\",\"width\":263,\"height\":34,\"caption\":\"BMJ Open Science\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/85f4f196ae9e44e2e9a22def1af575ed\",\"name\":\"Kaitlyn Hair\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/1c6f20ca1562ea09157370c8e97ca84d5d66677fdecc6fe7b44f50953abc6f38?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/1c6f20ca1562ea09157370c8e97ca84d5d66677fdecc6fe7b44f50953abc6f38?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/1c6f20ca1562ea09157370c8e97ca84d5d66677fdecc6fe7b44f50953abc6f38?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Kaitlyn Hair\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/openscience\\\/author\\\/khair\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Response: Let\u2019s work together to explore the evidence base for all preclinical research methodologies - BMJ Open Science","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/2019\/08\/29\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Response: Let\u2019s work together to explore the evidence base for all preclinical research methodologies - BMJ Open Science","og_description":"  In response to: Drug discovery and preclinical drug development \u2013 have animal studies really failed? By Pandora Pound and Merel Ritskes-Hoitinga A case of the \u2018straw man\u2019? We came across this blog in BMJ Open Science by chance this week. The blog, entitled \u2018Drug discovery and preclinical drug development \u2013 have animal studies really [...]Read More...","og_url":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/2019\/08\/29\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\/","og_site_name":"BMJ Open Science","article_published_time":"2019-08-29T09:55:36+00:00","article_modified_time":"2019-08-29T10:24:35+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/files\/2019\/08\/straw2.jpg","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"Kaitlyn Hair","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Kaitlyn Hair","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/2019\/08\/29\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/2019\/08\/29\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\/"},"author":{"name":"Kaitlyn Hair","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/#\/schema\/person\/85f4f196ae9e44e2e9a22def1af575ed"},"headline":"Response: Let\u2019s work together to explore the evidence base for all preclinical research methodologies","datePublished":"2019-08-29T09:55:36+00:00","dateModified":"2019-08-29T10:24:35+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/2019\/08\/29\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\/"},"wordCount":1047,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/2019\/08\/29\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/files\/2019\/08\/straw2.jpg","keywords":["preclinical research","response","translation"],"articleSection":["Research Quality"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/2019\/08\/29\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\/","url":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/2019\/08\/29\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\/","name":"Response: Let\u2019s work together to explore the evidence base for all preclinical research methodologies - BMJ Open Science","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/2019\/08\/29\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/2019\/08\/29\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/files\/2019\/08\/straw2.jpg","datePublished":"2019-08-29T09:55:36+00:00","dateModified":"2019-08-29T10:24:35+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/2019\/08\/29\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/2019\/08\/29\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/2019\/08\/29\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/files\/2019\/08\/straw2.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/files\/2019\/08\/straw2.jpg"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/2019\/08\/29\/response-lets-work-together-to-explore-the-evidence-base-for-all-preclinical-research-methodologies\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Response: Let\u2019s work together to explore the evidence base for all preclinical research methodologies"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/#website","url":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/","name":"BMJ Open Science","description":"Blogging about our preclinical research and improving the transparency, integrity, and reproducibility of research closely aligned to medicine.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/#organization","name":"BMJ Open Science","url":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/files\/2017\/11\/blog-logo-bmj-open-science.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/files\/2017\/11\/blog-logo-bmj-open-science.png","width":263,"height":34,"caption":"BMJ Open Science"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/#\/schema\/person\/85f4f196ae9e44e2e9a22def1af575ed","name":"Kaitlyn Hair","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1c6f20ca1562ea09157370c8e97ca84d5d66677fdecc6fe7b44f50953abc6f38?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1c6f20ca1562ea09157370c8e97ca84d5d66677fdecc6fe7b44f50953abc6f38?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1c6f20ca1562ea09157370c8e97ca84d5d66677fdecc6fe7b44f50953abc6f38?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Kaitlyn Hair"},"url":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/author\/khair\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/110","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/348"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=110"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/110\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=110"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=110"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/openscience\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=110"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}