{"id":3258,"date":"2021-12-30T10:00:01","date_gmt":"2021-12-30T09:00:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/medical-humanities\/?p=3258"},"modified":"2021-12-10T11:22:51","modified_gmt":"2021-12-10T10:22:51","slug":"nursing-through-the-lens-of-storytelling","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/medical-humanities\/2021\/12\/30\/nursing-through-the-lens-of-storytelling\/","title":{"rendered":"Nursing Through the Lens of Storytelling"},"content":{"rendered":"

Blog by Catherine Best<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"NursingNursing through the gaze of a storytelling lens shines a light on the importance of nurses\u00a0making the most of patient narratives to\u00a0gain valuable insight into lives lived. This insight\u00a0enables\u00a0the delivery of\u00a0person-centred, evidence-based nursing care, within frequently highly charged and emotional situations.<\/p>\n

Storytelling forges connections among and between people and ideas. Telling stories is one of the most powerful means of influencing, teaching and inspiring\u00a0(Boris, 2017). They convey the culture, history\u00a0and values that unite each and every one of us; they are the ties that bind us (ibid.).<\/p>\n

Storytelling, or narrative pedagogy, is a\u00a0practice\u00a0that occurs as a result of the lived experience (Haskell, 2021). Stories are omnipresent\u00a0(Hawkins and Saleem, 2012).\u00a0They can be found in our behaviours;\u00a0our actions;\u00a0our dialogue and our values. They can be found in our search for meaning and understanding.<\/p>\n

Having the ability to share one\u2019s story is considered an essential element of the humanities, and can enable a rich description of patient experiences to\u00a0emerge\u00a0(Wang and\u00a0Geale, 2015). And while\u00a0medicine\u00a0has been\u00a0previously\u00a0steeped\u00a0in the richness of the humanities,\u00a0as evidenced by,\u00a0for example,\u00a0the work of Canadian\u00a0physician Sir William Osler\u00a0(Mangione and Kahn, 2019),\u00a0there remains a challenge to ensure\u00a0the humanities are integrated into\u00a0undergraduate teaching\u00a0(Kollmer\u00a0Horton, 2019)\u2014which is, perhaps,\u00a0unsurprising when considering the myriad\u00a0skills\u00a0required by the medical profession. Such skills\u00a0include\u00a0the\u00a0expert understanding of\u00a0the scientific basis of disease\u00a0(Kollmer\u00a0Horton, 2019);\u00a0mastering\u00a0technology that enables diagnosis and treatment (ibid.);\u00a0and the ability to make moral and ethical decisions\u00a0requiring\u00a0more than simply choosing appropriate treatment regimens\u00a0(Varkey, 2021).\u00a0Essentially physicians\u00a0must\u00a0\u2018recognise and appreciate the patient in which the disease exists\u2019 (Kollmer Horton, 2019).<\/p>\n

Conversely,\u00a0person-centred care, as Price\u00a0argues (2020),\u00a0requires nurses to\u00a0\u2018listen to patients\u2019 narratives of illness or injury\u2019,\u00a0a process through which a powerful understanding of the complex experiences of patients can emerge, encouraging a deeper level of understanding of lives lived (Alicea-Planas, 2015)\u00a0<\/em>and supporting\u00a0a collaborative approach to the planning and delivery of appropriate care (Price, 2020).<\/p>\n

In recent years the importance of narrative within nursing has become a catalyst for\u00a0inspiring patient-centred care,\u00a0compassion and understanding\u00a0(Baines et al. 2019),\u00a0providing an important framework to enable effective communication to take place (Fitzpatrick, 2018).<\/p>\n

Furthermore, patient-centred approaches to care delivery stress the importance of understanding patients\u2019 knowledge, emotions, well-being and life experience (Johnston et al. 2016),\u00a0providing a lens through which patients can experience a release of emotion and a sense of catharsis (Roebotham et al. 2018), and\u00a0strengthening their\u00a0otherwise silent voice (Trahar, 2013).<\/p>\n

Expressing empathy is a highly potent cognitive and behavioural reaction enabling the building of patient trust and reducing anxiety, ultimately impacting patient outcomes\u00a0positively\u00a0(Stone, 2019);\u00a0it\u00a0is an essential element in the repertoire of a nurse\u2019s skillset, the essence of which\u00a0\u2018is the ability to share and understand the emotions of others\u2019\u00a0(Molenberghs,\u00a02017). What better way to do this than through listening and\u00a0engaging\u00a0with patient narratives?<\/p>\n

Stories can\u00a0foster\u00a0personal values such as courage, resilience and resourcefulness, generosity, sensitivity and respect (Boyd, 2018). They can be used to gain insight of sacrifice, understanding, fear and loss.\u00a0Furthermore, with an increasing evidence base,\u00a0patient narratives are used to encourage problem solving (Baldwin et al. 2017)\u00a0and\u00a0reinforce professional\u00a0ethics,\u00a0helping to close the gap between human experiences and the theories used to explain them (Tevendale\u00a0and Armstrong,\u00a02015).<\/p>\n

Moreover, nursing narrative can be a powerful educational opportunity (McAllister, 2015),\u00a0opening\u00a0up a plethora of opportunities to enhance professional development, including reflective practice,\u00a0and\u00a0empowering\u00a0nurses to express and extend their current knowledge while\u00a0making clinical expertise\u00a0visible\u00a0and providing occasions for collective learning (Erickson et al. 2015).<\/p>\n

Narratives,\u00a0argues Traynor (2020),\u00a0can support professional socialisation:\u00a0the dynamic process of coming to know a professional role (Price et al. 2018), ensuring a smooth transition to professional practice (Newton et al. 2015). When a personal story is shared we catch sight of a world that is different from our own;\u00a0by\u00a0learning to understand another\u2019s perceived world, the experience can\u00a0both\u00a0inspire empathy (The Health Foundation, 2016)\u00a0and enable human connections (Petty, 2021).<\/p>\n

Furthermore, because narratives are inherently designed to persuade; they describe a particular experience rather than assert a generalised truth, narratives have no need to validate the accuracy of such experience; the narrative itself is sufficient (Dahlstrom, 2014).<\/p>\n

Through the medium of narrative, nurses have an opportunity to engage with and learn from each other,\u00a0creating\u00a0a future that promotes\u00a0integrity, trust and professionalism, a\u00a0future\u00a0in which\u00a0nurses\u00a0seek to listen, to understand and,\u00a0where necessary,\u00a0act.<\/p>\n

Furthermore,\u00a0stories\u00a0enable\u00a0nursing\u00a0students to develop a deeper understanding of\u00a0specific\u00a0issues and experiences\u00a0(Tevendale and Armstrong, 2015). They can be used extensively within teaching and learning to enable learners to reframe events and alter their perspective,\u00a0to focus on details or obtain an overall view (ibid.)<\/p>\n

Moreover, they have the potential to encourage\u00a0resilience (Traynor, 2020); enable critical reflection on professional experience (Walton et al. 2018);\u00a0enhance learning within professional practice (Timpani et al. 2021);\u00a0and improve effective decision making (Saffran, 2021).<\/p>\n

Patient narratives can be considered a conduit through which nurses are able to gain greater insight into the world of their patients. They support empathic behaviours, encourage shared learning,\u00a0and open up a plethora of opportunities to ensure the delivery of high quality, person-centred care.\u00a0They can enable the building of trusting relationships, ensure effective decision making, guide diagnosis and support successful treatment plans. They can help a patient die with dignity, love and kindness\u00a0bestowed.\u00a0They must be treated with the value and respect they deserve (Baines et al. 2019).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Catherine is the practice educator at Saint Catherine\u2019s Hospice in Scarborough UK. She is a Queens Nurse, an award which recognises excellence in professional nursing practice and a member of the Phi Mu Chapter of Sigma, an honorary nursing society which recognises excellence in scholarship, leadership, and service.<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

References<\/strong><\/p>\n

Alicia-Planas, J. (2015)\u00a0Listening to the narratives of our patients as part of holistic nursing care. Journal of Holistic\u00a0Nursing,\u00a034 (2)\u00a0June,\u00a0pp.\u00a0162-166.\u00a0DOI:10.1177\/0898010115591396.<\/p>\n

Baines, R. Denniston, C. and Munro J. (2019)\u00a0\u00a0The transformative power of patient narratives in healthcare education. Available from:\u00a0https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2019\/07\/08\/the-transformative-power-of-patient-narratives-in-healthcare-education\/<\/a>\u00a0[Accessed 31 October 2021].<\/p>\n

Baldwin, A.\u00a0Mills, J. Birks, M.\u00a0and\u00a0Budden, L. (2017). Reconciling professional identity: A grounded theory of nurse academics’ role modelling for undergraduate students. Nurse Education Today, 59\u00a0December, pp.\u00a01-5.\u00a0DOI:10.1016\/j.nedt.2017.08.010<\/p>\n

Boris, V.\u00a0(2017) What makes storytelling so effective for learning? Available from:\u00a0\u00a0https:\/\/www.harvardbusiness.org\/what-makes-storytelling-so-effective-for-learning\/<\/a>\u00a0[31 October 2021].\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Boyd,\u00a0B.\u00a0(2018)\u00a0The evolution of stories: from mimesis to language, from fact to fiction.\u00a0Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, 9 (1) May, e1444. DOI:10.1002\/wcs.1444.<\/p>\n

Dahlstrom, M.F. (2014) Using narratives and storytelling to communicate science with nonexpert audiences.\u00a0Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, 111 supp 4 September, pp.\u00a013614\u201313620.<\/p>\n

Erickson, J.I. Ditomassi, M. Sabia, S. and Smith M.E. (2015). Fostering clinical success: Using narratives for interprofessional team partnerships from Massachusetts General Hospital. Indianapolis: Sigma Theta Tau International.<\/p>\n

Fitzpatrick, J. (2018) Teaching Through Storytelling: Narrative Nursing. Nursing Education Perspectives, 39 (2) March\/April, pp. 60.<\/p>\n

Haskell, B. (2021) Please tell me your story. Tennessee Nurse, 84 (2), pp.10<\/p>\n

Hawkins, M.A.\u00a0and\u00a0Saleem, F.Z. (2012). The omnipresent personal narrative: Story formulation and the interplay among narratives.\u202fJournal of Organizational Change Management, 25\u00a0<\/em>(2)\u00a0March, pp.\u00a0204-219.\u202fDOI:10.1108\/09534811211213892<\/a><\/p>\n

Johnston, C. Banner, N. and Fenwick, A. (2016) Patient narrative: an \u2018on-switch\u2019 for evaluating best interests. Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law, 38 (3) September, pp. 249-262.\u00a0DOI:10.1080\/09649069.2016.1228146<\/a><\/p>\n

Kollmer\u00a0Horton ME. (2019) The orphan child: humanities in modern medical education. Philosophy Ethics and Humanities in Medicine, 14 (1).\u00a0DOI:10.1186\/s13010-018-0067-y.<\/p>\n

Mangione, S and Kahn, M.J. (2019) The old humanities and the new science at 100: Osler\u2019s enduring message. Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine,\u00a0\u00a086 (4)\u00a0April, pp.\u00a0232-235.\u00a0DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3949\/ccjm.86a.19019<\/p>\n

McAllister, M. (2015).\u202fConnecting narrative with mental health learning through discussion and analysis of selected contemporary films.\u202fInternational Journal of Mental Health Nursing,\u202f24\u00a0(4) May,\u00a0pp.\u00a0304-313.<\/p>\n

Molenberghs, P. (2017) Understanding others\u2019 feelings: what is empathy and why do we need\u202fit? The Conversation.\u00a0Available from:\u00a0https:\/\/theconversation.com\/understanding-others-feelings-what-is-empathy-and-why-do-we-need-it-68494<\/a>\u00a0[Accessed 20 October 2021]<\/p>\n

Newton, J.M. Henderson, A. Jolly, B. and Greaves, J. (2015). A contemporary examination of workplace learning culture: an ethnomethodology study. Nurse Education Today, 35 (1)\u00a0July, pp. 91-96.<\/p>\n

Petty J. (2021) Using arts-based digital storytelling in neonatal care to enhance nursing students’ empathy. Nursing Children and Young People,\u00a033\u00a0(4) July, pp.\u00a013-18 DOI:10.7748\/ncyp.2021.e1351<\/p>\n

Price B (2020) Optimising professional communication with patients. Nursing Standard. 35, 2, 43-50.\u202fDOI:10.7748\/ns.2020.e11457<\/p>\n

Price, S.L. McGillis Hall, L. Tomblin Murphy, G and Pierce, B. (2018) Evolving career choice narratives of new graduate nurses. Nurse Education in Practice, 28 October, pp. 86-91.<\/p>\n

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Beyond catharsis: the nuanced emotion of patient storytellers in an educational role. Medical Education, 52 (5) May, pp. 526-535.<\/p>\n

Saffran L. (2021) Public health storytelling practice. The Lancet. 397 (10284) April, pp.1536-1537. DOI:10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00841-2.<\/p>\n

Stone, J.\u00a0(2019) The importance of empathy in healthcare: advancing humanism. Available from:\u00a0https:\/\/blog.medicalgps.com\/the-importance-of-empathy-in-healthcare\/<\/a>\u00a0[Accessed 22 October 2021].\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tevendale, F.\u00a0and Armstrong D. (2015)\u00a0Using patient storytelling in nurse education. Nursing Times, 111\u00a0(6)\u00a0February,\u00a0pp. 15-17.<\/p>\n

Timpani, S. Sweet, L. and Sivertsen, N. (2021)\u00a0Storytelling: One arts-based learning strategy to reflect on clinical placement. An integrative review.\u00a0\u00a0Nurse Education in Practice.\u00a0\u00a052:103005.\u00a0DOI:10.1016\/j.nepr.2021.103005.<\/p>\n

The Health Foundation (2016) The Power of Storytelling. [Online] Available from:\u00a0https:\/\/www.health.org.uk\/newsletter-feature\/power-of-storytelling<\/a>\u00a0[Accessed 3\u00a0<\/sup>October 2022]<\/p>\n

Trahar, S. (2013) Contextualising narrative Inquiry: developing methodological approaches for local contexts. Abingdon: Routledge<\/p>\n

Traynor, M. (2020) Stories of Resilience in Nursing. Tales from the Frontline of Nursing. London: Routledge.<\/p>\n

Varkey, B. (2021) Principles of Clinical Ethics and Their Application to Practice. Medical Principles and Practice, 30 (1) pp.\u00a017-28.\u00a0DOI:10.1159\/000509119<\/p>\n

Walton, J.A. Lindsay, N. Hales, C. and Rook, H. (2018) Glimpses into the transition world: new graduate nurses’ written reflections. Nurse Education Today, 60 January, pp. 62-66.<\/p>\n

Wang, CC. and Geale, SK. (2015) The Power of story: Narrative inquiry as a methodology in nursing research. International Journal of Nursing Science, 2 (2) June, pp.\u00a0195-198\u00a0DOI:10.1016\/j.ijnss.2015.04.014<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Blog by Catherine Best Nursing through the gaze of a storytelling lens shines a light on the importance of nurses\u00a0making the most of patient narratives to\u00a0gain valuable insight into lives lived. This insight\u00a0enables\u00a0the delivery of\u00a0person-centred, evidence-based nursing care, within frequently highly charged and emotional situations. Storytelling forges connections among and between people and ideas. Telling […]<\/p>\n

Read More…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":345,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15070],"tags":[15068],"class_list":["post-3258","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog","tag-blog"],"yoast_head":"\nNursing Through the Lens of Storytelling - Medical Humanities<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"'Telling stories is one of the most powerful means of influencing, teaching and inspiring.'\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/medical-humanities\/?p=3258\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nursing Through the Lens of Storytelling - Medical Humanities\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"'Telling stories is one of the most powerful means of influencing, teaching and inspiring.'\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/medical-humanities\/?p=3258\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Medical Humanities\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-12-30T09:00:01+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/medical-humanities\/files\/2021\/12\/Best-Catherine-Nursing-Through-the-Lens-of-Storytelling-300x300.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Chris Pak\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Chris Pak\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/medical-humanities\\\/?p=3258#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/medical-humanities\\\/?p=3258\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Chris Pak\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/medical-humanities\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0e11c1a9a0f1f9f2aa898a719652c44c\"},\"headline\":\"Nursing Through the Lens of Storytelling\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-12-30T09:00:01+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/medical-humanities\\\/?p=3258\"},\"wordCount\":1649,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/medical-humanities\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/medical-humanities\\\/?p=3258#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/medical-humanities\\\/files\\\/2021\\\/12\\\/Best-Catherine-Nursing-Through-the-Lens-of-Storytelling-300x300.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Blog\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Blog\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/medical-humanities\\\/?p=3258#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/medical-humanities\\\/?p=3258\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/medical-humanities\\\/?p=3258\",\"name\":\"Nursing Through the Lens of Storytelling - 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