{"id":4378,"date":"2023-02-28T13:51:09","date_gmt":"2023-02-28T12:51:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/medical-ethics\/?p=4378"},"modified":"2023-02-28T13:51:09","modified_gmt":"2023-02-28T12:51:09","slug":"the-furore-around-whole-bodily-gestational-donation-a-tale-of-misplaced-anger","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/medical-ethics\/2023\/02\/28\/the-furore-around-whole-bodily-gestational-donation-a-tale-of-misplaced-anger\/","title":{"rendered":"The furore around whole bodily gestational donation: a tale of misplaced anger?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>By Anna Nelson.<\/p>\n<p>Prompted by a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dailymail.co.uk\/health\/article-11705261\/Should-brain-dead-women-kept-alive-used-SURROGATES.html\">sensationalist headline<\/a> in the Daily Mail, there has been a furore on social media around an article published last year by bioethicist Anna Smajdor in which she defends <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11017-022-09599-8\">\u2018Whole Bodily Gestational Donation\u2019<\/a> (WBGD). Put simply WBGD means that, with prior consent, the bodies of women in a permanent vegetative state could be used to gestate pregnancies on behalf of others.<\/p>\n<p>The purpose of this blog is not to engage with the ethics of this proposal, nor is it to suggest that the paper on WBGD ought not to have been published (on this latter point, see <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/medical-ethics\/2023\/02\/07\/whats-the-big-deal-with-whole-body-gestational-donation-on-defending-bioethics\/\">J.Y. Lee<\/a>). Rather, this blog reflects upon the widespread public response to the media reports on Smajdor\u2019s article, and suggests that some of this anger could be more usefully focussed on present day challenges which threaten the rights and safety of women and birthing people.<\/p>\n<p>Understandably, many of the concerns raised by social media users in response to WBGD were explicitly feminist in nature and highlighted worries about potential harm to women \u2013 physical harm to the bodies of the donor, harm to reproductive and bodily autonomy where coercion or lack of information undermines consent to such procedures, and broader, socio-cultural harm attached to the risk of WBGD compounding and perceptions of women as foetal environments.<\/p>\n<p>I am not looking to address the legitimacy of such concerns, nor do I question people\u2019s right to express these. Rather, I question why a theoretical exploration of a speculative aspect of reproductive science has attracted so much more attention and outrage \u2013 both by those in the media, and by those responding on social media &#8211; than the very real and very present way that women and birthing people are being harmed by the current under-investment in maternity services. I argue that those of us who are rightly worried about the way that future scientific developments could interact with society and medical institutions to sustain and perpetuate harm to women, need to have (at least) equal concern for that which is happening right now.<\/p>\n<p>The disparity in outrage was powerfully illustrated by the fact that, only four days after WBGD came to widespread public attention, a shocking and heart-breaking story was published on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/uk-england-gloucestershire-64496514\">BBC News<\/a>, outlining how delays in post-birth treatment and poor interpretation services may have contributed to the post-partum death of a woman in Gloucester. While it would be inaccurate to suggest that this story went unnoticed, it received only a fraction of the attention that was prompted by Smajdor\u2019s theoretical paper \u2013 both from the media and from the wider public.<\/p>\n<p>This incident was not an isolated tragedy. Last year saw the publication of the final <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ockendenmaternityreview.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/FINAL_INDEPENDENT_MATERNITY_REVIEW_OF_MATERNITY_SERVICES_REPORT.pdf\">Ockenden Report<\/a> on the independent investigation into maternity services at Shrewsbury and Telford Hospital NHS Trust, and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/maternity-and-neonatal-services-in-east-kent-reading-the-signals-report\">Kirkup Report<\/a> on the independent investigation into maternity and neonatal services in East Kent. In both instances it was concluded that serious failings had resulted in avoidable harm to birthing women, their babies and their families.<\/p>\n<p>Particularly shocking was the evidence laid out in the Kirkup Report about the \u201cbasic lack of kindness, care and understanding\u201d being shown to \u201cwomen and their families\u201d (p48) and the failure to \u201censure or preserve women\u2019s dignity or meet their basic needs\u201d (p50). Alongside this, both the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fivexmore.com\/blackmereport\">campaign group FIVExMORE<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.birthrights.org.uk\/campaigns-research\/racial-injustice-2\/\">charity Birthrights<\/a> published damning <a href=\"https:\/\/www.birthrights.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Birthrights-inquiry-systemic-racism_exec-summary_May-22-web.pdf\">reports<\/a> which highlighted the physical and psychological harm caused by systemic racism within the maternity services:<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201cThere was one point in my labour right near the end where I remember looking at [my Partner] and saying, I\u2019m going to be a Black statistic. I was so scared, and the epidural hadn\u2019t come so I felt like people weren\u2019t listening to me, it had been days\u2026&#8217;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>These reports clearly demonstrate that feminists are right to worry about the harms faced by women in the reproductive sphere \u2013 be those harms to physical safety, to bodily autonomy, to dignity or to psychological wellbeing. Yet, none of these issues attracted nearly as much attention or widespread public outrage as the theoretical discussion of WBGD. This, I suggest, illustrates that the groundswell of anger which was seen on social media following news coverage of Smajdor\u2019s paper was somewhat misplaced; as reports about the ongoing, harmful experiences of women and others who birth within the current system do not attract the same levels of attention and public comment.<\/p>\n<p>Of course, we should debate future scientific developments before they come to pass, and of course it is vital that we parse the potential intended and unintended consequences thereof (as someone whose PhD looked at partial ectogenesis, a speculative reproductive development, it would be incredibly hypocritical of me to suggest otherwise!). However, it is imperative that the same scrutiny is applied to the less sensational but arguably more materially significant harms which are experienced by women and birthing people, and their families, every day as a result of a maternity system which is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rcm.org.uk\/media-releases\/2022\/february\/maternity-underfunding-means-care-based-on-what-trusts-can-afford-not-on-women-s-safety-and-needs-says-rcm\/\">underfunded, understaffed and undervalued.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>While advances in reproductive science and technology do carry the potential to create new harms, it is more likely that they will serve to compound and magnify <em>existing <\/em>problems. Therefore, when we are thinking about these developments it is important not to lose sight of the forest for the trees. In order to truly protect women (and others who gestate), it would be helpful to direct some of the very vocal anger which was whipped up by Smajdor\u2019s paper towards the very present and pressing fight to fund and sustain a maternity system which centres the dignity and safety of all who birth.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Author:<\/strong> Anna Nelson<\/p>\n<p><strong>Affiliation:<\/strong> Centre for Social Ethics and Policy, Department of Law, University of Manchester<\/p>\n<p><strong>Competing interests:<\/strong> None declared<\/p>\n<p><strong>Social media account of post author<\/strong>: <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Anna_Nelson95\">@Anna_Nelson95<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><\/a><!--TrendMD v2.4.8--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Anna Nelson. Prompted by a sensationalist headline in the Daily Mail, there has been a furore on social media around an article published last year by bioethicist Anna Smajdor in which she defends \u2018Whole Bodily Gestational Donation\u2019 (WBGD). Put simply WBGD means that, with prior consent, the bodies of women in a permanent vegetative [&#8230;]<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn btn-secondary understrap-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/medical-ethics\/2023\/02\/28\/the-furore-around-whole-bodily-gestational-donation-a-tale-of-misplaced-anger\/\">Read More&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":354,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8053,8057,2022],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4378","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-consent","category-medical-ethics","category-reproduction"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The furore around whole bodily gestational donation: a tale of misplaced anger? - Journal of Medical Ethics blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/medical-ethics\/2023\/02\/28\/the-furore-around-whole-bodily-gestational-donation-a-tale-of-misplaced-anger\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The furore around whole bodily gestational donation: a tale of misplaced anger? - Journal of Medical Ethics blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"By Anna Nelson. Prompted by a sensationalist headline in the Daily Mail, there has been a furore on social media around an article published last year by bioethicist Anna Smajdor in which she defends \u2018Whole Bodily Gestational Donation\u2019 (WBGD). 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