{"id":49342,"date":"2021-01-08T20:44:06","date_gmt":"2021-01-08T19:44:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/?p=49342"},"modified":"2021-01-26T18:46:15","modified_gmt":"2021-01-26T17:46:15","slug":"jeffrey-aronson-when-i-use-a-word-medical-anniversaries-in-2021","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2021\/01\/08\/jeffrey-aronson-when-i-use-a-word-medical-anniversaries-in-2021\/","title":{"rendered":"Jeffrey Aronson: When I Use a Word . . . Medical anniversaries in 2021"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">As <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2020\/01\/03\/jeffrey-aronson-when-i-use-a-word-medical-anniversaries-in-2020\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">last year<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and previous years, my selected list of medical anniversaries in 2021, illustrated below, is restricted to multiples of 50 years (i.e. years ending in 21 and 71).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Despite this restriction, in a sort of morphic resonance, many of the anniversaries invoke infectious diseases and plagues. This year\u2019s list includes the following topics:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">infectious diseases (including bubonic\/pneumonic plague, smallpox, poliomyelitis, tuberculosis, and trypanosomiasis);<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">pharmacology and toxicology (including opium, suramin, insulin, and adrenaline);<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">psychiatry and psychology (melancholy and Rorschach blots);<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">new institutions (the Roosevelt Hospital in New York and the National Institute for Industrial Psychology in London).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">There are in fact more infectious anniversaries than those illustrated below. For example, in 1870\u20131 the Peruvian town of Oroya suffered an epidemic of an acute infectious disease that caused a febrile haemolytic anaemia, Oroya fever. Then in 1885 Daniel Alcides Carri\u00f3n, a medical student, had himself inoculated with an extract from a Peruvian wart (verruga peruana) and died from Oroya fever, since then also called Carrion&#8217;s disease (enfermedad de Carri\u00f3n). This suggested that the two diseases are caused by the same organism, which was described by Alberto L Barton in 1909, and therefore called <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bartonella bacilliformis<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Transmitted by sandflies, it is <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/33216745\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">endemic<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in Peru, Colombia, and Ecuador.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sometimes the two main anniversary themes, infections and pharmacology, coincide, as in the discovery, in 1871, of suramin as a treatment for trypanosomiasis. \u201cRisus sardonicus\u201d, another example, entered English in 1621 in <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Microcosmus. A little description of the great world<\/span><\/i> <i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">1621<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, by Peter Heylyn (Figure 1), later enlarged as <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cosmographie in foure bookes, containing the chorographie and historie of the whole world 1652<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (1674). Heylyn quoted a Sardinian report that facial convulsions and death occurred after eating a poisonous herb. The Greek word for Sardinian was \u03a3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2. We now associate risus sardonicus with tetanus.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-49345\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"294\" height=\"460\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_2.jpg 294w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_2-192x300.jpg 192w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 294px) 100vw, 294px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><b>Figure 1.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The title page of Peter Heylyn\u2019s <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cosmography<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Vaccination, much in the news, also has an anniversary in 2021. In 1721, during smallpox epidemics in London and Boston, Massachusetts, Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, having observed inoculation with material from lesions of smallpox in Turkey, had her daughter, Mary Wortley, inoculated by Charles Maitland with blister fluid taken from a young girl with smallpox, in the presence of three physicians nominated by the Royal College of Physicians. Maitland had previously inoculated her son in 1718. King George I later had members of his family inoculated, but only after having first had it tried out on 11 children in charity schools and six men in Newgate prison, whose death sentences were commuted in return. Because the smallpox virus was known as <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Variola<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, a diminutive of the Latin word varus, an inflamed spot on the skin, the inoculation procedure later became known as variolation or variolization. Then, in 1796, when Edward Jenner introduced inoculation with cowpox, also known as vaccine disease (Latin vacca, a cow), having heard of its protective effect in dairymaids, the process became known as vaccination. A vaccine then became the substance used to produce vaccination, and about a century later the word came to be used to describe the material used to prevent infections with organisms other than smallpox virus. Today it is also being applied to treatments for <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/7760606\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">cancers<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Oculus in Latin meant not only an eye but also any point on a plant from which a bud might develop. Hence, inoculare was to graft by budding, and that\u2019s what inoculation originally meant in English. However, at the start of the 18<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">th<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> century it came to be used to mean the introduction of infected smallpox material by a process that resembled engrafting.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Of course, neither \u201cvaccination\u201d nor \u201cinoculation\u201d necessarily implies immunization.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">2021 is a very special integer, as shown in the box below. We can only hope that, with new vaccines available, 2021 will also be a very special year.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-49344 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"502\" height=\"197\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021.jpg 502w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021-300x118.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 502px) 100vw, 502px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><b>Some medical anniversaries in 2021<\/b><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-49346\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"675\" height=\"239\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_3.jpg 675w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_3-300x106.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_3-640x227.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 675px) 100vw, 675px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-49347\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"625\" height=\"394\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_4.jpg 625w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_4-300x189.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 625px) 100vw, 625px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bl.uk\/collection-items\/the-art-of-physiognomy-by-thomas-hill\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-49348 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"629\" height=\"297\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_5.jpg 629w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_5-300x142.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 629px) 100vw, 629px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-49349\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"471\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_6.jpg 700w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_6-300x202.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_6-640x431.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-49377\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan_2021_again.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"794\" height=\"1106\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan_2021_again.jpg 794w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan_2021_again-215x300.jpg 215w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan_2021_again-735x1024.jpg 735w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan_2021_again-768x1070.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan_2021_again-640x891.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 794px) 100vw, 794px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-49351\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_8.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"653\" height=\"266\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_8.jpg 653w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_8-300x122.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_8-640x261.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 653px) 100vw, 653px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-49458\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_anniversary_addition_2021.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"617\" height=\"373\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_anniversary_addition_2021.jpg 617w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_anniversary_addition_2021-300x181.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 617px) 100vw, 617px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-49352\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_9.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"632\" height=\"498\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_9.jpg 632w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_9-300x236.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 632px) 100vw, 632px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jameslindlibrary.org\/boylston-z-1726\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-49353 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_10.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"643\" height=\"501\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_10.jpg 643w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_10-300x234.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_10-640x499.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 643px) 100vw, 643px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-49354\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_11.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"628\" height=\"514\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_11.jpg 628w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_11-300x246.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 628px) 100vw, 628px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-49355\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_12.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"597\" height=\"259\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_12.jpg 597w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_12-300x130.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 597px) 100vw, 597px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-49356\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_13.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"676\" height=\"323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_13.jpg 676w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_13-300x143.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_13-640x306.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 676px) 100vw, 676px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-49357\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_14.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"663\" height=\"358\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_14.jpg 663w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_14-300x162.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_14-640x346.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 663px) 100vw, 663px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-49358\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_15.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"591\" height=\"440\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_15.jpg 591w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_15-300x223.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 591px) 100vw, 591px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mountsinai.org\/locations\/west\/about\/history\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-49359 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_16.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"582\" height=\"359\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_16.jpg 582w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_16-300x185.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 582px) 100vw, 582px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-49360\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_17.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"669\" height=\"518\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_17.jpg 669w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_17-300x232.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_17-640x496.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 669px) 100vw, 669px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-49361\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_18.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"647\" height=\"293\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_18.jpg 647w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_18-300x136.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_18-640x290.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 647px) 100vw, 647px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-49362\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_19.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"727\" height=\"469\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_19.jpg 727w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_19-300x194.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_19-640x413.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 727px) 100vw, 727px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-49363\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_20.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"674\" height=\"434\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_20.jpg 674w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_20-300x193.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_20-640x412.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 674px) 100vw, 674px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-49364\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_21.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"707\" height=\"231\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_21.jpg 707w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_21-300x98.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_21-640x209.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 707px) 100vw, 707px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-49365\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_23.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"703\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_23.jpg 703w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_23-300x128.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_23-640x273.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 703px) 100vw, 703px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-49366\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_24.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"678\" height=\"224\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_24.jpg 678w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_24-300x99.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_24-640x211.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 678px) 100vw, 678px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-49367\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_25.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"682\" height=\"237\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_25.jpg 682w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_25-300x104.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_25-640x222.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 682px) 100vw, 682px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><b>Medical lexicographic anniversaries in 2021<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Medically related words listed in the <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Oxford English Dictionary<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">OED<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">) as having first appeared in the years shown (parentheses\u2014total numbers of such words and antedatings)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>1771 (260)<\/b><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">cellulo- (membranous, fibrous, vascular, etc)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">miliaria:\u00a0 Originally any disease characterized by the presence of a miliary rash; later any of several types of rash resulting from superficial obstruction or disruption of sweat glands<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">peritonitis<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">rubeola (measles)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">scarlatina<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sterculia<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">urticaria<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">varicella<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>1821 (693)<\/b><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">acupunctuation = acupuncture<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">anencephalic<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">buphthalmos<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">carunculated<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">ganglial = ganglionic<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">heartbeat<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">hyoscyamia = hyoscyamine<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">lesioned<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">melanosis<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">narcotin<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">necrosed<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">niopo<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">nosographic<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">parangi = yaws<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">pharmaceutical chemist<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">phrenologic<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">pneumopericardium<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">pneumothorax<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">psychograph<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">retinitis<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">sabadilla<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">superorbital<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">toxication<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>1871 (740)<\/b><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">adeno-<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">agoraphobia<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">anticonvellent = anticonvulsive<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">astroblast<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">athetosis<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">autophagia<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">bilirubin<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">bioplastic<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">conchinine = quinidine<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">contusion (v.)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">cystoid (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/s1-1\/13\/220.1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">1840<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Darwin&#8217;s [ear, point, tubercle]<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">deoxycodeine<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">enchondrosis<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">epipharyngeal<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">episkeletal (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/bmj\/1\/423\/123.full.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">1869<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">fluorescein\/fluorescin<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">gluconic acid<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">glutamic acid<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">hectoid<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">helleborein<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">helleboresin<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">helleboretin<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">hypergranulation<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">infectivity<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">laudanine<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">laudanosine<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">meconidine<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">M\u00e9ni\u00e8re&#8217;s disease<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">mucedin = gliadin<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">muscle-plasma<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">muscle serum<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">neoplasia (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/bmj\/2\/356\/366.full.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">1867<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">neoplastic<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">parotiditis (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/bmj\/s1-5\/121\/332.full.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">1843<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">perineuritis (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/bmj\/2\/348\/189.full.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">1867<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">phthinoplasm (granulomatous caseation)\u00a0<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">piperidia = piperidine<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">plastid<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">polygonic [acid]<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">retroclusion (a method of controlling bleeding)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">rhineurynter (an inflatable catheter to stop a nosebleed)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">rhinophyma<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">statuvolic (self-hypnotizing)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">stypium (oakum for surgical dressings)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Thebesian (foramina, veins, valves) (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/pdf\/108430.pdf?ab_segments=0%2Fbasic_SYC-5187_SYC-5188%2F5188&amp;refreqid=fastly-default%3A2b161d3e3e254e36914e0794f2ea3379\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">1850<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">trophism<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">uroerythric<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">variolization = variolation<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>1921 (489)<\/b><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">achiral<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Allonal (brand name, a barbiturate + amidopyrin)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">bacteriophage<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">biomedical<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">biotechnology<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">chylomicron (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/pdf\/3221838.pdf?ab_segments=0%2Fbasic_SYC-5187_SYC-5188%2F5188&amp;refreqid=fastly-default%3A2b8c058b1c7d1057c80e0dc9aff95156\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">1920<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">cytomegaly<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">disome<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">encephalitogenic<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">ergotamine (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/bmj\/2\/2597\/1032.full.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">1910<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">giardia<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">glutathione<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">haploidy<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">hapten<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">hemizygous<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Holmgren [canals] (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/bmj\/2\/2650\/885.full.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">1911<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kolmer [method, test]<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">malnourishment = malnutrition<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">melioidosis<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">methylcellulose<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">monogenic<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">psychobiologic<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">pyknolepsy<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">sadomasochistic<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">thrombocytopenia<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">trisome<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">trisomic<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">tryparsamide<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">tularaemia<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>1971 (359)<\/b><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">See <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2020\/10\/16\/jeffrey-aronson-when-i-use-a-word-medicalization\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">here<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>Jeffrey Aronson<\/strong>\u00a0is a clinical pharmacologist, working in the Centre for Evidence Based Medicine in Oxford&#8217;s Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences. He is also president emeritus of the British Pharmacological Society.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>Competing interests:<\/strong> None declared.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2020\/06\/29\/jeffrey-aronson-when-i-use-a-word-retractions-withdrawals-and-archives\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-49368 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_26.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"646\" height=\"2314\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_26.jpg 646w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_26-84x300.jpg 84w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_26-286x1024.jpg 286w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_26-429x1536.jpg 429w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_26-572x2048.jpg 572w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2021\/01\/aronson_8jan2021_26-640x2293.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 646px) 100vw, 646px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As last year, and previous years, my selected list of medical anniversaries in 2021, illustrated below, is restricted to multiples of 50 years (i.e. years ending in 21 and 71). [&#8230;]<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn btn-secondary understrap-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2021\/01\/08\/jeffrey-aronson-when-i-use-a-word-medical-anniversaries-in-2021\/\">More&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":419,"featured_media":38359,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5762],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-49342","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jeff-aronsons-words"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Jeffrey Aronson: When I Use a Word . . . 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