{"id":43910,"date":"2019-01-18T17:42:10","date_gmt":"2019-01-18T16:42:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/?p=43910"},"modified":"2019-01-25T16:02:46","modified_gmt":"2019-01-25T15:02:46","slug":"jeffrey-aronson-when-i-use-a-word-nihilitis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2019\/01\/18\/jeffrey-aronson-when-i-use-a-word-nihilitis\/","title":{"rendered":"Jeffrey Aronson: When I use a word . . . Nihilitis"},"content":{"rendered":"

Here\u2019s a word that isn\u2019t to be found in any English dictionary, as far as I can tell, \u201cnihilitis\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

I have <\/span>previously<\/span><\/a> discussed the numerous ramifications of the IndoEuropean root NE, \u201cnot\u201d, from which many negative Latin, Greek, and English words derive (Table 1). Here are some Latin derivatives, just those beginning with <\/span>n<\/span><\/i>: ne (lest, or so that not), nec or neque (nor), nefas (an offence or sacrilege), negare (to naysay), nemo and nullus (no-one), neuter (ne uter, not either), nil and nihil (nothing), nisi (unless), non (not), num (surely not?), and nolle (to want not to, willy-nilly). Nepenthes, a Greek nickname for Apollo (\u03bd\u1f75 \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2<\/span> = no pain or sorrow), gives us the opioid nepenthe.<\/span><\/p>\n

Table 1.<\/b> Some English words derived from the IndoEuropean root NE, via Latin<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Many English words begin with the Latin word \u201cnihil\u201d, nothing: nihilagent (a person who does nothing), nihilarian (a person who deals with things of no importance), nihilate (to annul), nihilation (a non-existent thing), nihileity, nihility, or nihilhood (the quality or state of being nothing; non-existence, nullity), nihilification (the action of disregarding something; slighting; valuing at nothing), nihilify (to disregard; to take no account of), nihili-parturient (producing nothing), nihilism (total rejection of prevailing religious beliefs, moral principles, laws, etc), nihilist, and nihilistic. Some words have nihil in the middle, such as transnihilate, unannihilation, annihilate and its many derivatives, and <\/span>floccinaucinihilipilification<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

All of these are in the <\/span>Oxford English Dictionary<\/span><\/i>, but not nihiliscient, which Anthony Burgess invented in <\/span>Napoleon Symphony<\/span><\/i> (1974), nor \u201cnihilitis\u201d, which combines the negative NE with the common inflammatory suffix \u2013itis, which I have also discussed <\/span>before<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nevertheless, \u201cnihilitis\u201d exists in medical texts. The earliest instance of which I am aware is in an 1886 Lancet <\/em><\/span>article<\/span><\/a> about paying for hospital services:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cOne advantage may indeed be claimed for the paying system by way of reducing the attendances of chronic cases where treatment is of no avail, and perhaps in choking off a class of ailments pretty universally recorded as nihilitis.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

What those ailments were is not recorded, but the wording suggests that \u201cnihilitis\u201d was a familiar word and that earlier instances may be found. Indeed, it is also to be found in <\/span>The History of Addenbrookes Hospital<\/span><\/i> (<\/span>CUP<\/span><\/a>, 1991), citing data from 1884-8.<\/span><\/p>\n

The word continued to appear in medical texts in the first three decades of the 20<\/span>th<\/span> century (Figure 1). Here is an example from The BMJ<\/em>, in an anonymous 1905 <\/span>annotation<\/span><\/a> titled \u201cPractice in Labrador\u201d, citing an article by Dr Wilfred Grenfell in <\/span>Leslie’s Monthly<\/span><\/i>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cLate one evening a fisherman came off to our vessel, a shy sort of fellow. \u2026 \u2018Are you a doctor, sir?\u2019 he asked; \u2018I want bleeding, please, sir.\u2019 To ease his mind I called him below to examine him. Finding, however, it was only a case of impure blood, without any symptoms, and having no patience to spend time on nihilitis, I dismissed him unbled and turned in.\u201d [The man persisted and Grenfell finally gave in.] \u201c\u2018You see, sir,\u2019 he said, while the operation was going on, \u2018an old Indian squaw, she bled my feet a good spell ago, and I haven’t had ne’er a pain since. So when they told me there was a doctor aboard, I thought it was a good chance.\u2019 But he added, half regretfully, \u2018it didn’t feel quite the same. She bored the holes with a kind o’ corkscrew.\u2019\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Figure 1.<\/b> An extract from <\/span>Charterhouse<\/span><\/i><\/a> (2nd edition) by AH Tod. London: G Bell and Sons, Ltd, 1919; similar tables are to be found in editions of the St. Thomas’s [<\/span>sic<\/span><\/i>] Hospital Reports (1915, 1923, 1929, 1931) and the Westminster Hospital Reports (1929) [Thanks to Des Devitt for drawing my attention to the history of Charterhouse School]<\/span><\/p>\n

Grenfell\u2019s account was also reported in an issue of <\/span>The Christian Advocate<\/span><\/i> (1905; 80: 51), under the heading \u201c<\/span>Bleeding a fisherman<\/span><\/a>\u201d. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNihilitis\u201d also occurs in German texts, where we can read about \u201cnihilitis acuta\u201d, nihilitis chronica\u201d, \u201cnihilitis crepitans\u201d, and \u201cnihilitis reservica\u201d. Ervin Liek, in <\/span>The Doctor’s Mission: Reflections and Revelations of a Medical Man <\/span><\/i>(<\/span>John Murray<\/span><\/a>, 1930) wrote that “[German] colleagues of mine, highly experienced in panel practice, tell me that two-thirds of the activities of panel doctors are superfluous. In Poland, where social insurance is flourishing, the disease statistics have a special column of cases superscribed \u2018nihilitis\u2019.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNihilitis\u201d also survives in the polyglot English\/French\/German <\/span>Dictionary of Environmental Protection<\/span><\/i> by Otto and Ingrid Tutzauer (<\/span>Heymann<\/span><\/a>, 1979).<\/span><\/p>\n

I define \u201cnihilitis\u201d as \u201cany supposed medical condition that needs no treatment\u201d. A word that we might find some use for today, perhaps.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jeffrey Aronson<\/strong>\u00a0is a clinical pharmacologist, working in the Centre for Evidence Based Medicine in Oxford’s Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences. He is also president emeritus of the British Pharmacological Society.<\/em><\/p>\n

Competing interests:<\/strong>\u00a0None declared.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Here\u2019s a word that isn\u2019t to be found in any English dictionary, as far as I can tell, \u201cnihilitis\u201d. I have previously discussed the numerous ramifications of the IndoEuropean root […]<\/p>\n

More…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":38359,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5762],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-43910","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jeff-aronsons-words"],"yoast_head":"\nJeffrey Aronson: When I use a word . . . Nihilitis - The BMJ<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2019\/01\/18\/jeffrey-aronson-when-i-use-a-word-nihilitis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Jeffrey Aronson: When I use a word . . . 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