{"id":43801,"date":"2019-01-04T17:41:30","date_gmt":"2019-01-04T16:41:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/?p=43801"},"modified":"2019-01-11T15:23:32","modified_gmt":"2019-01-11T14:23:32","slug":"jeffrey-aronson-when-i-use-a-word-medical-anniversaries-in-2019","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2019\/01\/04\/jeffrey-aronson-when-i-use-a-word-medical-anniversaries-in-2019\/","title":{"rendered":"Jeffrey Aronson: When I use a word . . . Medical anniversaries in 2019"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2014\/12\/jeffrey_aronson.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-32935\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2014\/12\/jeffrey_aronson-223x300.jpg\" alt=\"jeffrey_aronson\" width=\"122\" height=\"146\" \/><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">As <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2018\/01\/05\/jeffrey-aronson-when-i-use-a-word-medical-anniversaries-in-2018\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">last year<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, my list of medical anniversaries in 2019 is restricted to those that are multiples of 50 years. Thus, I have not included, for example, the 10<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">th<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> anniversary of the 2009 outbreak of swine flu in the UK or the launching of the National Pandemic Flu Service in the same year, leading to increased availability of antiviral medicines that reportedly have little efficacy; the opening of the Princess of Wales of the Landmark Aids Centre in London in 1989; or the strike of UK ambulance crew members, also in 1989.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The anniversary list includes the following topics:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">chemistry (phosphorus; the periodic law of the elements);<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">physiology and biochemistry (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tractatus de Corde; Oculus<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">; Schilling test);<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">surgery (the first excision of a hip);<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">anatomy (Purkinje cells; the islets of Langerhans);<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">new institutions (the Foundling Hospital in Florence);<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">clinical medicine (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Trait\u00e9 de l\u2019auscultation mediate<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">; Cushing\u2019s disease; Prader\u2013Willi syndrome; Sturge\u2013Weber syndrome)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">infection and immunology (Nobel Prizes);<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">genetics (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hereditary Genius<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">For me, the highlight is Dmitri Mendeleev\u2019s description of the periodic law of the elements.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mendeleev (1834\u20131907) began writing his book <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Osnovyi khimii<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Principles of Chemistry<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">) in 1868, and looked for a way to classify the elements. Various schemes had been proposed. Division, for example, into metals and non-metals. But two way classifications are rarely satisfactory; some elements, for example, such as phosphorus, which also features in this year\u2019s anniversaries, could exist in both metallic and non-metallic forms. Another method was based on the differences between basic and acidic oxides, but the existence of transitional forms made that also unsatisfactory. Electrochemical classification raised other problems and did not lead to continuity from compound to compound. Classifications based on the relative affinities of elements for each other and their valencies were no better.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mendeleev sought a universal characteristic that would allow him to arrange the elements in a strict order. That characteristic, he decided, was the atomic weight, which led him to enunciate his periodic law:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The elements, if arranged according to their atomic weights, show clear periodicity of properties.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Elements that are similar in chemical properties have atomic weights that are either nearly the same (platinum, iridium, osmium) or that increase uniformly (potassium, rubidium, caesium).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The arrangement of the elements or groups of elements in order of atomic weight corresponds to their so-called valencies.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The most widely distributed elements in nature have small atomic weights, and all elements of small atomic weight have sharply defined properties.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The atomic weight determines the character of an element.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Discovery of many as yet unknown elements can be expected; for instance, elements analogous to aluminium and silicon, whose atomic weights would be between 65 and 75.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The atomic weight of an element may sometimes be corrected by knowing the weights of adjacent elements.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Some characteristic properties of elements can be predicted from their atomic weights.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mendeleev outlined his ideas in a pamphlet, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">An attempted system of the elements, based on their atomic wrights and analogies<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, which he distributed privately at the start of 1869. He presented his ideas to the Russian Chemical Society in March of that year, in a talk titled \u201cOn the correlation of the properties and atomic weights of the elements\u201d, which he published in the Society\u2019s journal later that year.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It was on this basis that the periodic table of the elements was developed.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><b>Some medical anniversaries in 2019<\/b><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-43802\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"271\" height=\"246\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>1419<\/strong><br \/>\nFilippo Brunelleschi, commissioned by the Arte della Seta, designs the Spedale degli Innocenti (the Foundling Hospital) in Florence<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-43804 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"191\" height=\"269\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>1619<\/strong><br \/>\nChristoph Scheiner publishes <em>Oculus<\/em>:<br \/>\n\u201cHoc est: fundamentum opticum \u2026\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-43806 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_34.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"548\" height=\"242\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_34.jpg 548w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_34-300x132.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 548px) 100vw, 548px\" \/><br \/>\n<strong>1669<\/strong><br \/>\nRobert Boyle (left) and Hennig Brand (right) independently discover phosphorus<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-43807\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"160\" height=\"268\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>1669<\/strong><br \/>\nRichard Lower publishes <em>Tractatus de Corde<\/em> in which he observes that the change in the colour of the blood as it passes through the lungs is brought about by the air<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-43808 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"528\" height=\"244\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_6.jpg 528w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_6-300x139.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 528px) 100vw, 528px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>1769<\/strong><br \/>\nCarl Wilhelm Scheele (1742-86; left) and Johan Gottlieb Gahn (1745-1818; right) find phosphorus in bones [The name \u201cScheele\u2019s green\u201d, hydrated copper arsenite, was first introduced, according to the <em>OED<\/em>, in 1819]<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-43809\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_7.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"222\" height=\"266\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>1769<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/2\/6153\/1699\">Charles White<\/a> (1728-1813) performs the first excision of a hip<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-43810\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_8.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"145\" height=\"268\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>1819<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Rene-Laennec\">Ren\u00e9 Laennec<\/a> describes the stethoscope in his <em>Trait\u00e9 de l\u2019auscultation m\u00e9diate<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-43812\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_10.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"351\" height=\"239\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_10.jpg 351w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_10-300x204.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 351px) 100vw, 351px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>1869<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Jan-Evangelista-Purkinje\">Jan Evangelista Purkyn\u011b<\/a> (Purkinje cells) dies;<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2384244\/\">Harvey Williams Cushing<\/a> (Cushing&#8217;s disease) is born<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-43813\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_12.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"159\" height=\"268\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>1869<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC1291675\/pdf\/jrsocmed00160-0054.pdf\">Paul Langerhans<\/a> discovers islets in the pancreas, as described in his inaugural dissertation at the Berlin Pathological Institute, <em>Beitr\u00e4ge zur mikroscopischen Anatomie der Bauchspeicheldr\u00fcse<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-43811\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_11.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"166\" height=\"269\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>1869<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/broughttolife.sciencemuseum.org.uk\/broughttolife\/people\/francisgalton\">Francis Galton<\/a> publishes <em>Hereditary Genius<\/em>: \u201cI propose to show in this book that a man&#8217;s natural abilities are derived by inheritance, under exactly the same limitations as are the form and physical features of the whole organic world.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-43814\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_13.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"194\" height=\"267\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>1869<\/strong><br \/>\nDmitri Mendeleev describes the periodic law of the elements at a meeting of the Russian Chemical Society, \u201cOn the correlation between the properties of the elements and their atomic weights.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-43815\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_14.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"270\" height=\"231\" \/><br \/>\n<strong>1919<\/strong><br \/>\nJules Jean Baptiste Vincent Bordet (1870\u20131961) is awarded the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/prizes\/medicine\/1919\/summary\/\">Nobel Prize<\/a> for Physiology or Medicine, \u201cfor his discoveries relating to immunity\u201d; he receives it in 1920<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-43816 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_15.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"333\" height=\"233\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_15.jpg 333w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_15-300x210.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 333px) 100vw, 333px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>1919<\/strong><br \/>\nBirths: Andrea Prader (Prader-Willi syndrome; left), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.med.wisc.edu\/media\/medwiscedu\/documents\/quarterly\/quarterly-vol-20-no-1.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Robert F Schilling<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (Schilling test for absorption of vitamin B<sub>12<\/sub>; right)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-43817 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_16.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"126\" height=\"147\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-43818 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_17.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"126\" height=\"149\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-43819 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_18.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"126\" height=\"151\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-43820 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_19.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"126\" height=\"151\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>1919<\/strong><br \/>\nDeaths (left to right): <a href=\"http:\/\/clio.lib.olemiss.edu\/cdm\/ref\/collection\/aah\/id\/353\">Henry L Gantt<\/a> (Gantt chart); <a href=\"https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/book\/show\/1290512.William_Osler\">William Osler<\/a>; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.whonamedit.com\/doctor.cfm\/1661.html\">William Allen Sturge<\/a> (Sturge-Weber syndrome; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ucmp.berkeley.edu\/history\/haeckel.html\">Ernst Haeckel<\/a><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-43822 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_20.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"525\" height=\"240\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_20.jpg 525w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2019\/01\/aronson_anniversary_2019_20-300x137.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 525px) 100vw, 525px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>1969<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/prizes\/medicine\/1969\/delbruck\/biographical\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Max Delbruck<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/prizes\/medicine\/1969\/hershey\/biographical\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alfred D Hershey<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/prizes\/medicine\/1969\/luria\/biographical\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Salvador Luria<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, &#8220;for their discoveries concerning the replication mechanism and the genetic structure of viruses&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Lexicographic anniversaries in 2019<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">These medical words were first recorded, according to the <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Oxford English Dictionary<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, in the listed years (the numbers in parentheses are the total numbers of new words in the indicated years). Antedatings are always possible.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Note that \u201cautosomal dominant\u201d was first recorded in 1919, while \u201cautosomal recessive\u201d had appeared a year earlier.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Note also the large number of new drug names that appeared in 1969, at a time when drug discovery was <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/29442380\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">flourishing<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>1569\u00a0(260)<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">aconite<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">alchemistry (= alchemy)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">anatomist<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">carbuncled<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">druggard (a drug addict)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">ebrious (drunk)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">scatomancy (diagnosis from the faeces)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">uromancy (diagnosis from the urine)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>1619\u00a0(259)<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">chordal (of the chorda tympani)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">naeve (naevus)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">risus sardonicus<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">splenic<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">tympanum<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>1669\u00a0(383)<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">embolus<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">gingival<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">idiopathic<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">incus<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">paresis<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">pneumonic<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">pulmonary<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">rachitis (rickets)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>1719\u00a0(166)\u00a0<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">antiphthisical<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">borborygm<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">osteogeny\/osteography<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">psychostatics<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">tubercular<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>1769\u00a0(287)<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">anal<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">social science<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>1819\u00a0(670)<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">body-snatching<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">emetine<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">haematin<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hunterian<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">laughing gas<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">mucocele<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">noseology [sic]<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">strychnine<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>1869\u00a0(689)<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">anthraquinone<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">apomorphia<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">carcinosis (= carcinomatosis)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">caseate<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">gliosarcoma<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">haemoglobin<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">leprosarium<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">os hyoideum<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">oxyhaemoglobin<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">parosteal<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">presystole<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">psychiatrist<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">rheumatologist<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">strabismometer<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">xanthoma<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>1919\u00a0(348)<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">androgenic<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">autosomal dominant<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Goodpasture\u2019s stain<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">herniorrhaphy<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">meningococcaemia<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">monkey gland<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">neuroanatomist<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">paraphrenic<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">phenobarbital<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">sadomasochism<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">semilogarithmic<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">thymoma<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Weil\u2013Felix reaction<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>1969\u00a0(376)\u00a0<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">abdominoplasty<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Adriamycin<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">allozyme<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">amyloidogenic<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">biosurgery<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">clonidine<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">daunorubicin<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">gamolenic acid<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">immunodeficiency<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">immunosuppress<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">itai-itai<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">levamisole<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">lorazepam<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">mannosidosis<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">medevac<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">mevinphos<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">mycotoxicity<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">myonecrotic<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">nalbuphine<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">neonaticide<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">neuropathologically<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">nifurtimox<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">oncogene<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">parasuicide<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">perhexilene<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">pizotifen<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">practolol<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">salbutamol<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">sucralfate<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">somatotroph<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">sotalol<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">telemedicine<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">tranexamic acid<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">tubulin<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">vitrectomy<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">xenotransplant<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Jeffrey Aronson<\/strong>\u00a0is a clinical pharmacologist, working in the Centre for Evidence Based Medicine in Oxford&#8217;s Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences. He is also president emeritus of the British Pharmacological Society.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Competing interests:<\/strong>\u00a0None declared.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As last year, my list of medical anniversaries in 2019 is restricted to those that are multiples of 50 years. Thus, I have not included, for example, the 10th anniversary [&#8230;]<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn btn-secondary understrap-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2019\/01\/04\/jeffrey-aronson-when-i-use-a-word-medical-anniversaries-in-2019\/\">More&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":38359,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5762],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-43801","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jeff-aronsons-words"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Jeffrey Aronson: When I use a word . . . 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