{"id":38274,"date":"2017-01-27T16:00:07","date_gmt":"2017-01-27T15:00:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/?p=38274"},"modified":"2017-01-27T14:58:13","modified_gmt":"2017-01-27T13:58:13","slug":"neville-goodmans-metaphor-watch-dream-a-dream-of-ivory-castles-in-the-air","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2017\/01\/27\/neville-goodmans-metaphor-watch-dream-a-dream-of-ivory-castles-in-the-air\/","title":{"rendered":"Neville Goodman&#8217;s Metaphor Watch: Dream a dream of ivory castles in the air"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2015\/02\/neville_goodman.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-33270\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2015\/02\/neville_goodman-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"neville_goodman\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a>We\u2019ve had <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2015\/10\/27\/neville-goodmans-metaphor-watch-the-magic-bullet\/\">magic bullets<\/a> (q.v.) and <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2015\/11\/03\/neville-goodmans-metaphor-watch-holy-grail\/\">holy grails<\/a> (q.v.). Last autumn, another unobtainable appeared on <em>The<\/em> <em>BMJ<\/em>\u2019s news pages: \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/355\/bmj.i5488\">Is Hunt\u2019s plan to expand medical student numbers more than a party conference pipe dream?<\/a>\u201d<\/p>\n<p><em>Pipe dream<\/em> (sometimes hyphenated) originated in the US in the late 19<sup>th<\/sup> century, meaning (<em>OED<\/em>) a fantastic or impracticable notion or plan, compared to a dream produced by smoking opium; a \u2018castle in the air\u2019. I had not realised the connection with opium; I\u2019d just envisaged a chap sitting by the fire wreathed in tobacco smoke, idly dreaming the day away. There are 98 <em>pipe dreams<\/em> in PubMed\u00ae, almost all in titles and many in the form \u2018Reality or pipe dream?\u2019 It\u2019s a good metaphor for a title. \u201cBreast cancer vaccines: promise for the future or pipe dream?\u201d could be simply, \u2018Are breast cancer vaccines possible?\u2019, but <em>pipe dream<\/em> enlivens it even though using <em>pipe dream<\/em> is only asking, \u2018Is it likely?\u2019; \u2018Is it possible?\u2019 Given the origin of the metaphor, I especially liked \u201cOpioid receptors: pipe dreams realized\u201d, an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15335769\">article<\/a> headed by a quote from Keats: \u201c\u2026a drowsy numbness pains my sense, as though of hemlock I had drunk, or emptied some dull opiate to the drains\u201d. It wouldn\u2019t harm if all medical authors had to find literary quotations to head their articles; it might tempt them to read good writing.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Sixty of the <em>pipe dream<\/em> articles have no available abstract. So there is an article in the<em> Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery<\/em> titled \u201cReality or singular pipe dream\u201d, and another in <em>Natural Materials<\/em> titled \u201cMaterial witness: pipe dreams\u201d, but there are no clues to the dreamer or the dream. The sassily named journal <em>Positively Aware<\/em> has an article from 1998 titled just <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/11365896\">Pipe dreams<\/a>, and that does have an abstract, which is, in its entirety, \u201cA chart is presented listing new compounds that will become available to fight HIV. The chart lists compounds according to when they are expected to be available, their classification, the drug&#8217;s significance, and the manufacturer. Contact information is provided for some of the manufacturers.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>On a scale of impossibility, a <em>castle in the air<\/em> is higher than a <em>pipe dream<\/em>. An early use was by the French essayist, Michel de Montaigne (1533-92), who wrote, provocatively, \u201call religion is but a castle in the air\u201d. A pipe dream may come true, but a castle in the air really is impossible. Likening a treatment or outcome to one is to condemn it and there are few <em>castles<\/em> in PubMed, although as none of the articles has an abstract I don\u2019t know what is being condemned.<\/p>\n<p><em>Ivory tower<\/em> is a biblical expression, used from the 19<sup>th<\/sup> century to denote academic disdain for everyday practical matters. When describing something as a pipe dream, the writer smiles condescendingly; as a castle in the air, the writer dismisses knowingly; but, describing something as an ivory tower, the writer must take care not to sneer.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Neville Goodman<\/strong> is a retired consultant anaesthetist and a writer. He is co-author of a book on medical English.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Competing interests:<\/strong> I have read and understood BMJ policy on declaration of interests and declare that my only competing interest is my co-authorship of a book about medical English.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>We\u2019ve had magic bullets (q.v.) and holy grails (q.v.). Last autumn, another unobtainable appeared on The BMJ\u2019s news pages: \u201cIs Hunt\u2019s plan to expand medical student numbers more than a [&#8230;]<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn btn-secondary understrap-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2017\/01\/27\/neville-goodmans-metaphor-watch-dream-a-dream-of-ivory-castles-in-the-air\/\">More&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5763],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38274","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-metaphor-watch"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Neville Goodman&#039;s Metaphor Watch: Dream a dream of ivory castles in the air - The BMJ<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2017\/01\/27\/neville-goodmans-metaphor-watch-dream-a-dream-of-ivory-castles-in-the-air\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Neville Goodman&#039;s Metaphor Watch: Dream a dream of ivory castles in the air - The BMJ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"We\u2019ve had magic bullets (q.v.) and holy grails (q.v.). 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