{"id":36424,"date":"2016-03-30T20:54:27","date_gmt":"2016-03-30T19:54:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/?p=36424"},"modified":"2016-04-04T12:55:45","modified_gmt":"2016-04-04T11:55:45","slug":"doctors-the-bmj-and-irelands-easter-rising","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2016\/03\/30\/doctors-the-bmj-and-irelands-easter-rising\/","title":{"rendered":"Doctors, The BMJ, and Ireland’s Easter Rising"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"gpo\"Earlier this year Ireland\u2019s national broadcaster RTE <\/a>screened a three part documentary<\/a> to mark the 100th anniversary of the six day Easter Rising, the rebellion against British rule that led ultimately to the foundation of the Republic and the island\u2019s partition to create Northern Ireland.<\/span><\/p>\n

The programmes, screened by the BBC this week as part of its coverage of the anniversary, featured archive footage and interviews with historians alongside moving eyewitness accounts (filmed decades earlier) of some of the key personalities and their families.<\/span><\/p>\n

Liam Neeson\u2019s mellifluous narration and lucid storytelling described how the insurgents changed history by storming key public buildings in Dublin, the Irish capital, tearing the city apart and bringing poorly prepared soldiers from the Sherwood Foresters<\/a> across to help restore order. <\/span><\/p>\n

Many of the soldiers had received no firearms training and had less than three months’ experience of military service. Some thought they had embarked on boats at Liverpool for the Western Front to serve in World War One, although, as the presenter of a separate\u00a0BBC radio documentary<\/a> points out, sending over soldiers from Britain “brought the Great War to Ireland.”\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

As they marched through Dublin under the supervision of inexperienced officers from English public schools, they came under fire from well trained rebels under the command of Eamon de Valera<\/a>, a future Taoiseach (prime minister)\u00a0and president of Ireland.<\/span><\/p>\n

What happened to the casualties? The documentary says little, but a trawl through The BMJ<\/em> archive from April and May 1916 provides some clues. The journal\u2019s contents page reinforces its Anglocentric world view at the time, and Ireland\u2019s status as a colonial territory. <\/span><\/p>\n

A semi-regular \u201cFrom our own correspondent\u201d column entitled \u201cIreland\u201d<\/span>\u00a0in the 29 April<\/a> issue sits alongside one devoted to India. In fact, the rising is often cited for influencing subsequent\u00a0anti-imperialist movements<\/a>, including India’s.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"shake\"There are no references to the tumultuous events triggered five days earlier. Tellingly, readers learn instead of Shakespeare\u2019s English in Ulster<\/a> (six of Ulster’s nine counties became Northern Ireland following partition, part of the United Kingdom), dating back to the migration of people from the Bard\u2019s Warwickshire birthplace to occupy lands confiscated by the British in the reign of James I.<\/span><\/p>\n

The author alludes to a Belfast gynaecologist\u2019s use of the word “Child” or “chile” for a female infant (found in A Winter’s Tale<\/em>), to patients having “indisgestion” (used in Julius Caesar<\/em>), and the word \u201cpuke\u201d (meaning to vomit) first used by Shakespeare 1599 or 1600.<\/span><\/p>\n

The BMJ\u2019s<\/em> Ireland correspondents do not file any copy the following week (5<\/span><\/p>\n

\"RSCI\"
1916 centenary commemoration and parade<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

May), but the journal quotes from John Healy, editor of The Irish Times<\/em>, who describes how\u00a0the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland\u00a0building in St Stephen’s Green (pictured right) served as the insurgents\u2019 main ambulance depot and hospital, with 200 patients by 30 April. <\/span><\/p>\n

The rebels were under the command of Michael Mallin<\/a>, a former drummer in the British Army. He surrendered on 30 April and was executed by firing squad eight days later.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The BMJ<\/em> article<\/a>\u00a0goes on to describe how, on the evening of 25 April 1916, \u201cSinn Feiners\u201d were found inside a doctor\u2019s house captured earlier by the insurgents. <\/span><\/p>\n

The 13 May issue recounts how the Sinn Fein rebellion was quelled after a week, with the Prime Minister H H Asquith telling the House of Commons on 9 May of the 521 deaths among soldiers, policemen, and \u201cloyal volunteers.\u201d <\/span><\/p>\n

That week’s despatch<\/a> from Ireland adds: \u201cThere is no means of estimating how many of the ‘Sinn Feiners’ were wounded or killed as very few of them were brought to the hospitals, and many must have met their death in the parts of the city that were burnt.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

On 7 May J G Maxwell, commander in chief of the forces in Ireland, said: “I desire to express my sincere appreciation of the services rendered during the recent disturbances in Dublin by the medical, surgical, and nursing staff of many of the city hospitals, and in particular of the gallantry shown by those nurses who exposed themselves to heavy fire in attending to and removing the wounded. <\/span><\/p>\n

“Also, to the members of the Red Cross and St John Ambulance Societies and the many medical men and private individuals who gave assistance in attending to the wounded, or placed their houses at the disposal of the military for use as dressing stations. <\/span><\/p>\n

“In numerous instances these services were rendered at considerable personal risk, and under circumstances reflecting the greatest credit on those engaged in them.”<\/span><\/p>\n

David Payne<\/strong> is digital editor, and readers’ editor, <\/em>The BMJ.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Earlier this year Ireland\u2019s national broadcaster RTE screened a three part documentary to mark the 100th anniversary of the six day Easter Rising, the rebellion against British rule that led […]<\/p>\n

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