{"id":24541,"date":"2013-02-15T15:17:43","date_gmt":"2013-02-15T14:17:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/?p=24541"},"modified":"2013-02-15T15:17:43","modified_gmt":"2013-02-15T14:17:43","slug":"julian-sheather-should-i-sign-him-off-sick","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2013\/02\/15\/julian-sheather-should-i-sign-him-off-sick\/","title":{"rendered":"Julian Sheather: Should I sign him off sick?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft\" style=\"float: left\" alt=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/site\/blog\/icons\/julian_sheather.jpg\" width=\"160\" height=\"110\" \/><em>Thou shalt not judge<\/em>. A GP asked me recently whether he should sign patients off sick when he thought they were swinging the lead. I talk to a lot of GPs and I get asked a lot of difficult questions \u2013 it goes with the ethics territory \u2013 but this one looked like a no-brainer: if you\u2019ve got good reasons to believe that someone is not sick, don\u2019t sign them off. Why lend your hand to a fraud? <!--more-->I\u2019ve also knocked around this territory long enough to know that, for good and ill, things are never, ever that straightforward. We were in a less than affluent part of Manchester. Outside high rises lowered over wind-scoured scraps of grass. Employment levels in the area were as low as the cloud cover. I know they\u2019re trying it on, he said. They\u2019re totally capable of working, but they can\u2019t be bothered. Across the table a GP colleague \u2013 did it make a difference I wonder that she was, well, a she? \u2013 bristled very slightly. It\u2019s not that straightforward, she said. Psychosocial burdens are as debilitating as physical ones. There is more to sickness than aberrant biology. I listened to them talk for a while and it was almost as if there were two different kinds of medicine in the room, two different versions of the GP&#8217;s job, two different takes on the human predicament. Are we the products of our environments or of our choices? Does medicine have a role in dealing with social as well as biological pathogens? I am not sure I have ever seen the struggle over the soul of medicine dramatised quite so urgently.<\/p>\n<p>I have been brooding on that conversation ever since. The first doctor, let us call him Dr A, working, loosely speaking, on a biomedical model, seemed to be making the following assumptions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>That a doctor\u2019s primary role is to treat disease, defined as a more-or-less identifiable deviation from normal, \u2018species-typical\u2019 functioning that is usually betrayed by clear biological markers<\/li>\n<li>That medicine operates according to an objective standard that is unaffected by the environment<\/li>\n<li>That people are not determined by their environments but can make choices independent of them<\/li>\n<li>That &#8220;intuition&#8221; and inference are reliable indicators of whether someone who says he is sick is actually sick<\/li>\n<li>That a GP&#8217;s role is to help the sick, not pander to the undeserving well<\/li>\n<li>That GPs are at risk of being dragged into a lively fraud whereby the workshy bulk out their benefits by getting \u2018on the sick.\u2019<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>There is an attractive, almost Johnsonian common sense to much of this. It also appeals to our everyday self-understanding: mostly we know when we are sick; we know that we are capable of making choices; we know that \u2018tis human to backslide, and rational to increase our income without increasing our labour.<\/p>\n<p>Dr B however was singing from a very different, largely psychosocial hymn-sheet. Behind the individual patient loom the complex social drivers of pathology. So called free choices can carry a buckling load of social deprivation. Dr B\u2019s assumptions seemed to include the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>That ill health is much broader than disease and is a complex category, a protean composite of biological and social pathogens<\/li>\n<li>That, like small boats on a turbulent sea, our apparently free choices are often compelled by deep-running social currents<\/li>\n<li>That medical instincts and intuitions are too often biased by our own values to be much help in assessing sickness \u2013 that everyone should be assessed by the same clinical standards and that every consultation should be a fresh consultation \u2013 this time the patient really could be sick<\/li>\n<li>That a GP&#8217;s role is to support her patients, not to act as agents of the state<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>I realise that there has been a great sea of ink spilt on the various models of ill health \u2013 biomedical, psychosocial, biopsychosocial \u2013 and I have no wish to reprise them here. Each has its appeal, each has its drawbacks. The first can make us too much the agent of our destiny, the second too little. We seem closer to complex reality when we try to pull the truth in each of them together. But in the midst of so much uncertainty, how, to return to the question, should the doctor act? Should he sign them off sick? Well no. In the face of irremediable complexity it can help to keep a few simple truths to hand. If the doctor has a reasonable belief that the patient is trying it on \u2013 and the reasons should of course be good ones \u2013 then he should decline. Politics is the proper response to social injustice, not fraud, and it scarcely needs saying that doctors should have nothing to do with fraud.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Julian Sheather<\/strong> is ethics manager, BMA. The views he expresses in his blog posts are entirely his own.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>See also: <a title=\"Rob Hampton\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2013\/02\/15\/rob-hampton\/\" target=\"_blank\">Fit for work<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Thou shalt not judge. A GP asked me recently whether he should sign patients off sick when he thought they were swinging the lead. I talk to a lot of [&#8230;]<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn btn-secondary understrap-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2013\/02\/15\/julian-sheather-should-i-sign-him-off-sick\/\">More&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":38360,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[223,954],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24541","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-guest-bloggers","category-julian-sheather"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Julian Sheather: Should I sign him off sick? - The BMJ<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2013\/02\/15\/julian-sheather-should-i-sign-him-off-sick\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Julian Sheather: Should I sign him off sick? - The BMJ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Thou shalt not judge. 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