{"id":22282,"date":"2012-11-13T16:29:36","date_gmt":"2012-11-13T15:29:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/?p=22282"},"modified":"2012-11-13T16:29:36","modified_gmt":"2012-11-13T15:29:36","slug":"richard-smith-accelerating-towards-the-future-of-publishing-science","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2012\/11\/13\/richard-smith-accelerating-towards-the-future-of-publishing-science\/","title":{"rendered":"Richard Smith: Accelerating towards the future of publishing science"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/site\/blog\/icons\/bmjh7648e.jpg\" alt=\"Richard Smith\" width=\"160\" height=\"110\" align=\"left\" \/>One of the conclusions of Ben Goldacre\u2019s important book <em>Bad Pharma<\/em> is that our current system of publishing science is broken. More and more people are reaching that conclusion, and pressure is building to blow apart the present system. Goldacre\u2019s prime concerns are not only that many drug trials are not published, but also that major journals are making large sums of money while being used to exaggerate the effectiveness and safety of drugs. But the system is also slow, wasteful, ineffective in terms of reliably sorting studies and detecting errors, inefficient, largely a lottery, anti-innovatory, and prone to bias and abuse.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>We are entering the phase that the economist Joseph Schumpeter called \u201ccreative destruction\u201d when new systems and ways of doing things sweep away the old. Famously, \u201cthe future is here but not evenly distributed,\u201d and in the past few weeks I\u2019ve seen glimpses of the future.<\/p>\n<p>The first is <a href=\"http:\/\/f1000research.com\/articles\/\"><em>F1000Research<\/em><\/a>, which began in July and has the slogan \u201cOpen science, open data, open peer review.\u201d It\u2019s the latest invention of Vitek Tracz, who I always describe as the Picasso of scientific publishing in that he has introduced important innovations not once but repeatedly.<\/p>\n<p><em>F1000Research<\/em>, will post papers, including opinion pieces and case reports as well as clinical trials and other studies, within hours of them being submitted. If a study includes data then the authors must make it available\u2014as the <em>BMJ<\/em> is now insisting on for clinical trials. With <em>F1000Research<\/em> the data will be available through the website. The data are citable, and the creators of the data will be credited when their data are used for new studies.<\/p>\n<p>As the paper is posted it will be sent to reviewers who are asked to make one of three possible judgements: approved, approved with reservations, or not approved. Reviewers are encouraged to read papers quickly and to approve if the paper seems acceptable in that the conclusions are supported by the methods and data. (It seems to me that this can almost always be the case if the conclusions are suitably cautious.) If reviewers approve the paper then they don\u2019t need to write anything but simply give it a green tick, which appears with their name on the website. Once a paper has two ticks it is indexed in Scopus and Embase and probably soon in PubMed and PubMed Central. Papers are being approved in days.<\/p>\n<p>If the authors approve with reservations or do not approve then they must give reasons. A decision of \u201capprove with reservations\u201d is indicated by a green question mark and a \u201cdo not approve\u201d with a red cross. Papers and reviewers\u2019 comments will remain on the site even if they are not approved, but they will not be indexed.<\/p>\n<p>Readers can comment on papers and spread them through social media (Twitter and Facebook) from the moment they are posted.<\/p>\n<p>I know that this rapid publication and light review makes some, and not only those with vested interests, shudder, and previous attempts to encourage medical authors to post completed studies immediately have not succeeded\u2014despite this having long been the case in high energy physics, astronomy, and mathematics. Perhaps because the timing is right or because <em>F1000Research<\/em> has been bolder than previous experiments, it does seem to be working. Papers are being submitted. Reviewers are reviewing rapidly and openly.<\/p>\n<p>My second glimpse of the future has been to see an online system of peer review that encourages rapid, complete, and efficient review and pulls together multiple reviews in a comprehensive and visual way that exceeds anything currently available in science. The system has been developed for another area where sorting the wheat from the chaff is a slow, inefficient, messy, and wasteful process. I imagine such a system being used not for prepublication but for postpublication peer review, the \u201ctrue peer review,\u201d as I\u2019ve long argued.<\/p>\n<p>I can\u2019t be more specific about this system because it\u2019s in development by a start up, but my point is that new and better ways are being developed of doing things that have been done poorly within science publishing. The innovation that I\u2019ve seen is no doubt one of many that are being produced in this era of creative destruction.<\/p>\n<p>A third glimpse of the future is the appearance of the first articles of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.elifesciences.org\/about\/\"><em>eLife<\/em><\/a>, the new journal funded by three major research funders, including the Wellcome Trust, which I think of as trying both to shove open access to the top of the hill and blow out of the water <em>Nature<\/em>, <em>Science<\/em>, and other high profile, closed access journals. It\u2019s unashamedly elitist and sees itself as top science published by top scientists. In most ways <em>eLife<\/em> looks like the old system except that its open access, but part of its mission is \u201cto fully utilize digital media in the presentation of new research,\u201d so perhaps something more revolutionary will follow.<\/p>\n<p>As creative destruction proceeds the old have to adapt or die, and I see signs of the<em> BMJ<\/em> increasingly doing what I believe journals can do best\u2014not publishing science, but campaigning on important issues like making data available, improving the regulation of medical devices, and fighting overtreatment. The great advantage of the old journals is their \u201cbrand,\u201d something that may sound irritatingly vague and managerial to some but is immensely valuable. Brand can be exploited to make money\u2014as with New England Journal of Medicine Fried Chicken, as one editor of that journal joked\u2014or to advance important reforms, as the <em>BMJ<\/em> is doing.<\/p>\n<p>I\u2019ve been impatient for reform for 20 years, and I\u2019ll probably be dead before the journal world I discovered in 1974 is wholly unrecognisable\u2014but I feel the tectonic plates of scientific publishing shifting.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Richard Smith<\/strong> was the editor of the <\/em>BMJ<em> until 2004 and is director of the United Health Group&#8217;s chronic disease initiative.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>RS did work briefly and very part time for Vitek Tracz, was editor of the BMJ and chief executive of the BMJ Publishing Group and on the board of the Public Library of Science, and has been paid $US1000 to review Ben Goldacre\u2019s book for eLife (thank you very much, very generous).<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>One of the conclusions of Ben Goldacre\u2019s important book Bad Pharma is that our current system of publishing science is broken. More and more people are reaching that conclusion, and [&#8230;]<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn btn-secondary understrap-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2012\/11\/13\/richard-smith-accelerating-towards-the-future-of-publishing-science\/\">More&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":38364,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[955],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22282","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-richard-smith"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Richard Smith: Accelerating towards the future of publishing science - The BMJ<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2012\/11\/13\/richard-smith-accelerating-towards-the-future-of-publishing-science\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Richard Smith: Accelerating towards the future of publishing science - The BMJ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"One of the conclusions of Ben Goldacre\u2019s important book Bad Pharma is that our current system of publishing science is broken. More and more people are reaching that conclusion, and [...]More...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2012\/11\/13\/richard-smith-accelerating-towards-the-future-of-publishing-science\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"The BMJ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/bmjdotcom\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2012-11-13T15:29:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/files\/2017\/02\/Richard-Smith.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"540\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"BMJ\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@bmj_latest\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@bmj_latest\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"BMJ\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/bmj\\\/2012\\\/11\\\/13\\\/richard-smith-accelerating-towards-the-future-of-publishing-science\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/bmj\\\/2012\\\/11\\\/13\\\/richard-smith-accelerating-towards-the-future-of-publishing-science\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"BMJ\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/bmj\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ba3da426ed20e8f1d933ca367d8216fe\"},\"headline\":\"Richard Smith: Accelerating towards the future of publishing science\",\"datePublished\":\"2012-11-13T15:29:36+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/bmj\\\/2012\\\/11\\\/13\\\/richard-smith-accelerating-towards-the-future-of-publishing-science\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1049,\"commentCount\":4,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/bmj\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/bmj\\\/2012\\\/11\\\/13\\\/richard-smith-accelerating-towards-the-future-of-publishing-science\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/bmj\\\/files\\\/2017\\\/02\\\/Richard-Smith.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Richard Smith\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/bmj\\\/2012\\\/11\\\/13\\\/richard-smith-accelerating-towards-the-future-of-publishing-science\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/bmj\\\/2012\\\/11\\\/13\\\/richard-smith-accelerating-towards-the-future-of-publishing-science\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/bmj\\\/2012\\\/11\\\/13\\\/richard-smith-accelerating-towards-the-future-of-publishing-science\\\/\",\"name\":\"Richard Smith: Accelerating towards the future of publishing science - 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