{"id":9999,"date":"2022-01-21T06:00:41","date_gmt":"2022-01-21T05:00:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/?p=9999"},"modified":"2022-01-18T14:48:13","modified_gmt":"2022-01-18T13:48:13","slug":"covid-19-precautions-vaccination-policy-for-beijing-2022-winter-olympic-and-paralympic-games","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/2022\/01\/21\/covid-19-precautions-vaccination-policy-for-beijing-2022-winter-olympic-and-paralympic-games\/","title":{"rendered":"COVID-19 precautions &amp; vaccination policy for Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><em>What are the changes from #Tokyo2020?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Despite being held six months apart, there are significant differences between Tokyo 2020 and Beijing 2022 COVID-19 screening and vaccination policies. The changes likely reflect current COVID-19 trends globally and differences in host nation policies.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Vaccination guidelines for Beijing 2022<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The emergence of the COVID-19 omicron variant has seen a return to disruptions and restrictions of elite sporting fixtures.<\/li>\n<li>The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics (beginning in February and March 2022 respectively) issued the final version of its playbook in December 2021.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10000 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/files\/2022\/01\/BJSM.Blog_.Infographic.Revised.Final_.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"445\" height=\"885\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/files\/2022\/01\/BJSM.Blog_.Infographic.Revised.Final_.png 2400w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/files\/2022\/01\/BJSM.Blog_.Infographic.Revised.Final_-151x300.png 151w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/files\/2022\/01\/BJSM.Blog_.Infographic.Revised.Final_-768x1527.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/files\/2022\/01\/BJSM.Blog_.Infographic.Revised.Final_-772x1536.png 772w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/files\/2022\/01\/BJSM.Blog_.Infographic.Revised.Final_-1030x2048.png 1030w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/files\/2022\/01\/BJSM.Blog_.Infographic.Revised.Final_-640x1273.png 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 445px) 100vw, 445px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>This Playbook was developed by the International Olympic Committee, the International Paralympic Committee and the Beijing 2022 organising committee in collaboration with the Chinese government and local authorities [1].<\/li>\n<li>The Playbook advises that in order to enter the Olympic Village, athletes must be fully vaccinated at least 14 days prior to departure for China or undergo a 21 day quarantine period in Beijing, unless medically exempt [1].<\/li>\n<li>The Beijing 2022 protocols for vaccination of athletes seem new for an Olympics despite calls to have them previously.<\/li>\n<li>An influenza outbreak at the Calgary Winter Olympics in 1988 prompted physicians to seek mandatory vaccination prior to future games [2]. Further outbreaks occurred at both the Nagano and Salt Lake City Winter Olympics in 1998 and 2002 respectively [3].<\/li>\n<li>At Tokyo 2020, while preventative advice was given, no documentation of COVID-19 vaccination status was required for athletes to enter the Olympic village [4].<\/li>\n<li>Tokyo 2020 had relatively low rates of COVID-19 infection with just 33 athletes testing positive amongst a total of 11,300 competitors [5].<\/li>\n<li>Early data on the omicron variant suggests a higher transmissibility and vaccine breakthrough rate [6].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>COVID-19 screening for athletes \u2013 Beijing 2022 vs. Tokyo 2020<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Differences in COVID-19 screening between Beijing 2022 and Tokyo 2020 are evident [1][4] and reflect host country policy.<\/li>\n<li>At Beijing 2022, unvaccinated athletes will require an immunoglobulin antibody (IgM) test pre-arrival*. This was not required for Tokyo 2020.<\/li>\n<li>Other differences in COVID-19 prevention include mask type and close contact action planning. (see infographic)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Athlete Risk <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The specific risk that COVID-19 poses to athletes is difficult to quantify and is likely multifactorial in aetiology.<\/li>\n<li>Global travel and mass congregation can increase the risk of viral transfer for athletes [7][8].<\/li>\n<li>The systemic response to high intensity exercise; release of cortisol coupled with high levels of circulating proinflammatory cytokines can result in an \u201copen window\u201d when an athlete is susceptible to infection [9].<\/li>\n<li>Athletes with COVID-19 infection follow graduated return to play guidelines [10].<\/li>\n<li>Little data exists on long-COVID in the elite athlete population and the ability to return to pre-COVID levels of activity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Athlete attitudes &amp; vaccine side effects<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Vaccine hesitancy amongst the elite athlete population has been previously documented.<\/li>\n<li>Fear of potential side effects affecting athlete performance, missing training time following vaccination or a perceived lack of risk in contracting the virus in question are all cited as barriers to establishment of effective vaccination programmes for the elite athletic population [11] [12].<\/li>\n<li>Attitudes of elite athletes specifically with regards to the COVID-19 vaccine have yet to be elucidated.<\/li>\n<li>Following COVID vaccination, the elite athlete population have reported arm pain and fatigue as common side effects, the rates being more frequent after the second dose [13]<\/li>\n<li>More serious side effects such as myocarditis and thrombosis remain low, but not zero [14].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Significant differences in COVID-19 screening and vaccination policy exist between the Tokyo 2020 and Beijing 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Games for athletes most notably in;\n<ul>\n<li>extra precautions in the unvaccinated<\/li>\n<li>mask type<\/li>\n<li>close contact procedures<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Authors and Affiliations:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Dr. Frank O\u2019 Leary, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust francis.oleary1@nhs.net<\/p>\n<p>Dr. Ajayi Abosede, Dept. Emergency Medicinem Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust<\/p>\n<p>Dr. Jonathan Korgaonkar, Dept. Sports &amp; Exercise Medicine, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Competing interests:<\/strong> none<\/p>\n<p><strong>References:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[1] International Olympic Committee. Beijing 2022 Playbooks. [Internet]. 2021 [updated 2021 Dec 13; cited 2022 Jan 1<sup>st<\/sup>].\u00a0 Available from: https:\/\/olympics.com\/ioc\/news\/version-2-of-the-beijing-2022-playbooks-published.<\/p>\n<p>[2] Tarrant M, Challis EB. Influenza vaccination for athletes? <em>CMAJ<\/em>. 1988;139:282.<\/p>\n<p>[3] Gundlapalli AV, Rubin MA, Samore MH, Lopansri B, Lahey T, McGuire HL et al. Influenza, Winter Olympiad, 2002. <em>Emerg Infect Dis<\/em>. 2006;12:144-146.<\/p>\n<p>[4] International Olympic Committee. Tokyo 2020 Playbooks. [Internet]. 2021 [updated 2021 Jun 15; cited 2022 Jan 1<sup>st<\/sup>].\u00a0 Available from: https:\/\/olympics.com\/ioc\/tokyo-2020-playbooks.<\/p>\n<p>[5] International Olympic Committee. New data shows no COVID-19 spread between Tokyo 2020 participants and local population. [Internet]. 2021 [updated 2021 Dec 31; cited 2022 Jan 1<sup>st<\/sup>]. Available from: https:\/\/olympics.com\/ioc\/news\/new-data-shows-no-covid-19-spread-between-tokyo-2020-participants-and-local-population.<\/p>\n<p>[6] Jaworski CA, Rygiel V. Acute Illness in the Athlete. <em>Clinics in Sports Medicine<\/em>. 2019; 38:577-595.<\/p>\n<p>[7] Young M, Fricker P, Maughan R, MacAuley D (1998) The travelling athlete: issues relating to the Commonwealth Games, Malaysia. Br J Sports Med. 32:77\u201381.<\/p>\n<p>[8] Collins CJ, O\u2019Connell B (2012) Infectious disease outbreaks in competitive sports, 2005-2010. J Athl Train. 47:516\u2013518.<\/p>\n<p>[9] Thakur V, Kanta Ratho R. OMICRON (B.1.1.529): A new SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern mounting worldwide fear. <em>J Med Virol<\/em> [Internet]. 2021 Dec [cited 2022 Jan 1]; 2021 Dec 22. Available from: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/34936120\/.<\/p>\n<p>[10] L\u00f6llgen\u00a0H,\u00a0Bachl\u00a0N,\u00a0Papadopoulou\u00a0T<em>, et al<\/em>. Infographic. Clinical recommendations for return to play during the COVID-19 pandemic. <em>British Journal of Sports Medicine\u00a0<\/em>2021;55:344-345.<\/p>\n<p>[11] Signorelli C, Odone A, Miduri A et al. Flu vaccination in elite athletes: a survey among Serie A soccer teams. <em>Acta Biomed<\/em>. 2016;87:117\u2013120.<\/p>\n<p>[12] O&#8217; Leary F, O&#8217; Donovan J. Attitudes of elite athletes and their support staff to the influenza vaccine. <em>Ir J Med Sci<\/em>. 2021;190(3):1231-1236.<\/p>\n<p>[13] Hull JH, Wootten M, Ranson C. Tolerability and impact of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in elite athletes. <em>Lancet Respir Med<\/em>. 2022 Jan [cited 2022 Jan 3]; 10(1):e5-e6. Available from: https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lanres\/article\/PIIS2213-2600(21)00548-8\/fulltext.<\/p>\n<p>[14] Patone, M., Mei, X.W., Handunnetthi, L.\u00a0<em>et al.<\/em>\u00a0Risks of myocarditis, pericarditis, and cardiac arrhythmias associated with COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection.\u00a0<em>Nat Med<\/em>. 2021 Dec [cited 2022 Jan 3] Available from: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-021-01630-0.<!--TrendMD v2.4.8--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What are the changes from #Tokyo2020? Despite being held six months apart, there are significant differences between Tokyo 2020 and Beijing 2022 COVID-19 screening and vaccination policies. The changes likely reflect current COVID-19 trends globally and differences in host nation policies.\u00a0 Vaccination guidelines for Beijing 2022 The emergence of the COVID-19 omicron variant has seen [&#8230;]<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn btn-secondary understrap-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/2022\/01\/21\/covid-19-precautions-vaccination-policy-for-beijing-2022-winter-olympic-and-paralympic-games\/\">Read More&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":404,"featured_media":10000,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[16129,16068],"class_list":["post-9999","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-covid","tag-featured"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>COVID-19 precautions &amp; vaccination policy for Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games - BJSM blog - social media&#039;s leading SEM voice<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/?p=9999\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"COVID-19 precautions &amp; vaccination policy for Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games - BJSM blog - social media&#039;s leading SEM voice\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"What are the changes from #Tokyo2020? 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The changes likely reflect current COVID-19 trends globally and differences in host nation policies.\u00a0 Vaccination guidelines for Beijing 2022 The emergence of the COVID-19 omicron variant has seen [...]Read More...","og_url":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/?p=9999","og_site_name":"BJSM blog - social media&#039;s leading SEM voice","article_published_time":"2022-01-21T05:00:41+00:00","og_image":[{"width":2400,"height":4773,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/files\/2022\/01\/BJSM.Blog_.Infographic.Revised.Final_.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"BJSM","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"BJSM","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/?p=9999#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/?p=9999"},"author":{"name":"BJSM","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/#\/schema\/person\/2e7b8e6398ac636ca3555690c89c21ed"},"headline":"COVID-19 precautions &amp; 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