{"id":3185,"date":"2012-06-25T05:37:36","date_gmt":"2012-06-25T04:37:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/?p=3185"},"modified":"2012-07-13T23:07:49","modified_gmt":"2012-07-13T22:07:49","slug":"good-news-tweaks-to-commuting-behaviour-may-improve-activity-levels","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/2012\/06\/25\/good-news-tweaks-to-commuting-behaviour-may-improve-activity-levels\/","title":{"rendered":"Good News: Tweaks to commuting behaviour may improve activity levels"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>By\u00a0Tony H. Reinhardt-Rutland<\/h1>\n<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Guest Blog<br \/>\n<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/bjsm.bmj.com\/search?author1=Charles+R+Ratzlaff&amp;sortspec=date&amp;submit=Submit\" target=\"_blank\">Charles R Ratzlaff. 2012.\u00a0<strong>Good news, bad news: sports matter but occupational and household activity really matter \u2013 sport and recreation unlikely to be a panacea for public health<\/strong> <cite><abbr title=\"British Journal of Sports Medicine\">Br J Sports Med.<\/abbr> bjsports-2011-090800 (Editorial) Published Online First: 12 March 2012\u00a0<\/cite><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3200 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/files\/2012\/06\/walking-UK4-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"240\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/files\/2012\/06\/walking-UK4-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/files\/2012\/06\/walking-UK4-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/files\/2012\/06\/walking-UK4.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 240px) 100vw, 240px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><span style=\"color: #800080\"><strong>Ratzlaff (1) outlines broad categories in assessing societal activity-levels: occupational and household.<\/strong><\/span> While the latter was traditionally the greater source of activity, particularly for men, the nature of work has become steadily more sedentary. However, the same may be less true for household tasks. One conclusion is that women today, as the gender likely to undertake most household tasks, may well be more active than their male counterparts. The gender imbalance may only be partly diminished by the fact that males are more likely &#8211; at least at younger ages &#8211; to obtain a third category of activity in the voluntary participation in energetic sports.<\/p>\n<p>My concern here is with another category of exercise that entails both occupational and sports elements: <span style=\"color: #800080\"><strong>the commute to the work-place.<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0Choices of commuting-mode are dependent on distance to be travelled. Short home-to-work distances may render walking predominant. Distances beyond a few kilometres may render powered transport &#8211; cars, buses and trains &#8211; compulsory, so the scope for exercise may seem limited. The steady increase in the UK of park-and-ride facilities attempts to reduce traffic in major centres such as cities: commuters drive to a strategically located car-park away from the city-centre and continue by public transport. This would not of course alter the conclusion that long- distance commuting does not entail significant activity-levels.<\/p>\n<p>However, multi-modal commuting can include substantial elements of walking, cycling or running; this particularly applies to journeys entailing public transport, where pick-up points for public transport (bus -stops and railway stations) may be at some distance from home. As many would attest, the disadvantages of walking, cycling and running concern poor weather conditions and build-up of sweat, perhaps requiring change of clothing at the work-place. Probably of most importance for all commuters is the issue of conflicts and potential collision with motor traffic.<\/p>\n<p>Despite these problems, <strong><span style=\"color: #800080\">the incorporation of exercise into commuting is receiving some official support in the UK.<\/span><\/strong> For example, at least one public-transport provider now promotes exercise as a valuable &#8220;add-on&#8221; to travel by public transport (2) &#8211; far removed from the days when exercise- free travel was regarded as a major feature supporting the preference for the private car (3). Furthermore, there are also now governmental schemes to provide grants for the purchase of bikes to access the work-place (4).<\/p>\n<p>To pursue the issues, if the problems with petroleum price and availability continue towards the levels that characterised the 1970s, the private motorcar may come to have a more restricted presence on the road.\u00a0At that stage, walking, cycling and running could become generally prominent in commuting &#8211; in a way that has applied particularly to cycling in the Netherlands for many years. <strong><span style=\"color: #800080\">However, for this scenario to continue in the UK beyond the present age of economic downturn requires a societal change in attitude that eschews a thoughtless dependence on the car.<\/span><\/strong> That most certainly did not happen after the petroleum crises of the 1970s had passed (5). Perhaps the lessons will be learned this time.<\/p>\n<p>See also the relevant paper by <a href=\"http:\/\/bjsm.bmj.com\/content\/44\/9\/615.full?sid=e0a8b343-4e53-4bf3-8c85-dda41f060484\">Lawrence Frank<\/a> relating to how the built environment and physical activity promotion.<\/p>\n<p><strong>REFERENCES<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1. Ratzlaff CR, Good news, bad news: sports matter but occupational and household activity really matter &#8211; sport and recreation unlikely to be a panacea for public health. Br J Sports Med 2012 (10.1136\/bjsports-2011- 090800).<\/p>\n<p>2. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.translink.co.uk\" target=\"_blank\">www.translink.co.uk<\/a> (accessed 25\/4\/12).<\/p>\n<p>3. www.bike2workscheme (accessed 25\/4\/12).<\/p>\n<p>4. Wolmar C. Fire and steam: a new history of the railways in Britain. London: Atlantic.<\/p>\n<p>5. Transport statistics Great Britain. 2001. London: Department for Transport.<\/p>\n<p>*********************************************<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Tony\u00a0Reinhardt-Rutland<\/strong> is Reader in Psychology at University of Ulster at Coleraine. His research interests\u00a0include visual perception of motion and space,\u00a0and the safety of road travel.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Conflict of Interest: None declared<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>RELATED ARTICLES<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/bjsm.bmj.com\/content\/44\/13\/924.abstract?sid=bd2aede9-af07-47d6-a14c-2b7888b5b1cf\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Review: The development of a walkability index: application to the Neighborhood Quality of Life Study.<\/strong>\u00a0L D Frank,\u00a0J F Sallis,B E Saelens,\u00a0L Leary,K Cain,T L Conway,\u00a0P M Hess. \u00a0<cite><abbr title=\"British Journal of Sports Medicine\">Br J Sports Med<\/abbr> 2010;44:13 924-933 Published Online First: 29 April 2009 doi:10.1136\/bjsm.2009.058701\u00a0<\/cite><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div>\n<p><a href=\"10.1136\/bjsm.2010.085951\" target=\"_blank\">Editorials Changing gears: bicycling as the panacea for physical inactivity?\u00a0Adrian Bauman,\u00a0Sylvia Titze,\u00a0Chris Rissel,Pekka Oja\u00a0<cite><abbr title=\"British Journal of Sports Medicine\">Br J Sports Med<\/abbr> 2011;45:10 761-762 Published Online First: 17 March 2011 doi:10.1136\/bjsm.2010.08595<\/cite><\/a><em>\u00a0<\/em><strong>(free online!)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><!--TrendMD v2.4.8--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By\u00a0Tony H. Reinhardt-Rutland Guest Blog Charles R Ratzlaff. 2012.\u00a0Good news, bad news: sports matter but occupational and household activity really matter \u2013 sport and recreation unlikely to be a panacea for public health Br J Sports Med. bjsports-2011-090800 (Editorial) Published Online First: 12 March 2012\u00a0 Ratzlaff (1) outlines broad categories in assessing societal activity-levels: occupational [&#8230;]<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn btn-secondary understrap-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/2012\/06\/25\/good-news-tweaks-to-commuting-behaviour-may-improve-activity-levels\/\">Read More&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1105,1],"tags":[2871,2873,2872],"class_list":["post-3185","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-e-letters","category-uncategorized","tag-lawrence-frank","tag-urban-transort","tag-walkability"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Good News: Tweaks to commuting behaviour may improve activity levels - BJSM blog - social media&#039;s leading SEM voice<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/2012\/06\/25\/good-news-tweaks-to-commuting-behaviour-may-improve-activity-levels\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Good News: Tweaks to commuting behaviour may improve activity levels - BJSM blog - social media&#039;s leading SEM voice\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"By\u00a0Tony H. 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