{"id":10856,"date":"2023-11-06T06:00:31","date_gmt":"2023-11-06T05:00:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/?p=10856"},"modified":"2023-11-06T16:33:38","modified_gmt":"2023-11-06T15:33:38","slug":"can-we-predict-who-will-respond-positively-to-a-physical-activity-intervention-a-tool-to-enable-personalisation-of-interventions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/2023\/11\/06\/can-we-predict-who-will-respond-positively-to-a-physical-activity-intervention-a-tool-to-enable-personalisation-of-interventions\/","title":{"rendered":"Can we predict who will respond positively to a physical activity intervention? A tool to enable personalisation of interventions"},"content":{"rendered":"<h5>Authors<\/h5>\n<p><em>Alex V Rowlands <span class=\"name\">and\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"name\">Tom Yates<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It can be challenging to increase physical activity, particularly in people living with chronic disease.\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/bjsm.bmj.com\/content\/early\/2023\/08\/16\/bjsports-2023-106953\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Our recent study<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> aimed to develop methods that can enhance intervention efficacy by enabling better personalisation and targeting of interventions.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h4>Why is this study important?<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">When people\u2019s free-living physical activity is already placing them under a high physiological load, physical activity interventions will be ineffective and may even be demotivating. For example, if everyday walking activities are already representing a physiological challenge, then promoting further walking activity may not be feasible or effective. Expressing the intensity of a person\u2019s daily physical activities relative to their physical capacity reflects how hard daily activities feel to that person. Quantifying this could show the person\u2019s potential to respond to an intervention. However, doing this can be cumbersome.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This study is important as it developed <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.github.com\/Maylor8\/Relative-Intensity-Gradient\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">open-source tools<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> that use data from wearable activity monitors to express the intensity of a person\u2019s physical activity relative to their physical capacity. We think that these tools may allow us to predict who could increase their physical activity in response to an intervention, as we would be able to see who had the \u2018spare\u2019 physical capacity to do so.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>How did the study go about this?<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">We used data from a randomised controlled trial (RCT) that was designed to improve physical activity in people who were 12-48 months post diagnosis of a coronary artery disease related cardiac event. The <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/openheart.bmj.com\/content\/8\/1\/e001351\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">original analysis<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> of this trial showed no improvement.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) is commonly used to estimate physical capacity in pulmonary and cardiac rehabilitation. We used performance on the ISWT to determine a person\u2019s maximum physical activity level. We then expressed the intensity of all their physical activity across the day relative to this maximum level (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">relative intensity<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">) and assessed whether this predicted who would increase the actual intensity (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">absolute intensity<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">) of their physical activity in response to the intervention.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">To communicate this in a user-friendly manner we classified people according to a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/jpah\/20\/4\/article-p303.xml\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u2018glass half full\u2019<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> analogy to identify people best placed to benefit from an intervention (Figure 1).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Physical capacity is represented by the size of the glass, and how full the glass is represents the absolute intensity of free-living physical activity. In the low relative intensity group, the \u201cglass\u201d (physical capacity) is less than \u201chalf full\u201d (physical activity intensity), indicating plenty of scope to increase the intensity of physical activity, \u2018can do, doesn\u2019t do\u2019. In the high relative intensity group, the \u201cglass\u201d is \u201coverflowing\u201d, suggesting the intensity of free-living physical activity may already be causing overreaching (\u2018can\u2019t do, does do\u2019).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-10857\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/files\/2023\/11\/Screenshot-2023-11-03-at-18.38.21-300x160.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"575\" height=\"307\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/files\/2023\/11\/Screenshot-2023-11-03-at-18.38.21-300x160.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/files\/2023\/11\/Screenshot-2023-11-03-at-18.38.21-768x409.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/files\/2023\/11\/Screenshot-2023-11-03-at-18.38.21-640x341.png 640w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/files\/2023\/11\/Screenshot-2023-11-03-at-18.38.21.png 1484w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 575px) 100vw, 575px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Figure 1.<\/strong> Physical capacity is represented by the size of the glass, how full the glass is represents the intensity of daily physical activity. The low relative intensity group (left) have spare capacity to increase the intensity of their activity (the glass is only half full, \u2018can do, doesn\u2019t do\u2019). In contrast, in the high relative intensity group (right) there is no spare capacity, and the glass is already overflowing (can\u2019t do, does do\u2019).<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<h4>What did the study find?<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Those with spare capacity at baseline (can do, doesn\u2019t do), were more likely to increase the absolute intensity of their daily physical activity following the intervention (Figure 2). In contrast, those without spare capacity (can\u2019t do, does do) tended to decrease the absolute intensity of their daily activity. This suggests that behavioural physical activity interventions may be demotivating in those where daily physical activity already represents a high physiological load.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-10858\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/files\/2023\/11\/Screenshot-2023-11-03-at-18.38.31-300x282.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"282\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/files\/2023\/11\/Screenshot-2023-11-03-at-18.38.31-300x282.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/files\/2023\/11\/Screenshot-2023-11-03-at-18.38.31.png 632w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Figure 2.<\/strong> Change in the absolute intensity of daily physical activity at 12-months, by group, illustrated for those with low, medium, and high relative intensity of daily physical activity at baseline. Group by relative intensity interaction p=0.015<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<h4>What are the key take home points?<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Assessing the relative intensity of a person\u2019s daily physical activity can help identify people who are most likely to respond positively to an intervention, as well as those who may be demotivated by the intervention. We provide <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.github.com\/Maylor8\/Relative-Intensity-Gradient\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">open-source tools<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> that can be used by researchers and clinicians to help individually tailor physical activity interventions.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<!--TrendMD v2.4.8--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Authors Alex V Rowlands and\u00a0Tom Yates It can be challenging to increase physical activity, particularly in people living with chronic disease.\u00a0Our recent study aimed to develop methods that can enhance intervention efficacy by enabling better personalisation and targeting of interventions. Why is this study important? When people\u2019s free-living physical activity is already placing them under [&#8230;]<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn btn-secondary understrap-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/2023\/11\/06\/can-we-predict-who-will-respond-positively-to-a-physical-activity-intervention-a-tool-to-enable-personalisation-of-interventions\/\">Read More&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":464,"featured_media":10857,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[16068,3045,16236,1807],"class_list":["post-10856","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-featured","tag-intervention","tag-interventions","tag-physical-activity"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Can we predict who will respond positively to a physical activity intervention? 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