{"id":10212,"date":"2022-09-30T06:00:59","date_gmt":"2022-09-30T05:00:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/?p=10212"},"modified":"2022-09-30T17:14:57","modified_gmt":"2022-09-30T16:14:57","slug":"monitoring-training-load-in-artistic-gymnastics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/2022\/09\/30\/monitoring-training-load-in-artistic-gymnastics\/","title":{"rendered":"Monitoring Training Load in Artistic Gymnastics"},"content":{"rendered":"

Benefits, Challenges, and Future Directions of Monitoring Training Load in Artistic Gymnastics<\/span><\/p>\n

Key words:<\/span> Athletic Injuries, Gymnastics, Sports Medicine<\/span><\/p>\n

INTRODUCTION<\/b><\/p>\n

At the 2019 Artistic Gymnastics World Championships and 2021 Olympics, an international group of gymnastics practitioners discussed the challenges of monitoring training load and the need for progression in this area.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Optimal methods for monitoring external and internal training load in artistic gymnastics have not been established. External load is an objective measurement of an athlete-performed variable (e.g. speed) whereas internal load is a biological variable within the athlete (e.g. heart rate). Understanding an individual\u2019s response to training and potential reduction in injuries are among the benefits of monitoring training load.\u00a0 This is critical in gymnastics with its sizable incidence and prevalence of injury<\/span>1<\/span>. Despite these established benefits, the optimal practice for monitoring training load in artistic gymnastics has not been established.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

PREVIOUS RESEARCH<\/b><\/p>\n

Some studies have attempted to measure training load in artistic gymnastics. Most of this work has focused on external workload variables. Often training load is quantified by the hours of weekly training<\/span>2<\/span>.\u00a0 However, this neglects to account for the variable training intensity or the rest periods between built into training. Studies have also attempted to quantify training load by incorporating variables such as frequency of skills, impact forces, coefficient variables, and advanced biomechanical sensors<\/span>3 4<\/span>. While these methods offer valuable information, their utility is limited because they are labor intensive and require access to specialized equipment and analysis.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

A few studies have attempted to monitor internal training load variables in artistic gymnastics by tracking session rate of perceived exertion (sRPE)<\/span>5, 6<\/span>. One study demonstrated a correlation between daily heart rate variability, sRPE, and psychological stress<\/span>5<\/span>, and another showed that higher sRPEs correlated with worse performance during a world championship competition<\/span>6<\/span>. More recently, sRPE values were found to be significantly higher for high-level compared to medium-level women\u2019s artistic gymnasts, as a result of greater rate of perceived effort (RPE) and training time<\/span>7<\/span>. These studies suggest that sRPE may be a valid measure to monitor workload in artistic gymnasts and could provide beneficial information when planning training.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

CHALLENGES<\/b><\/p>\n

Artistic gymnastics is a dynamic sport characterized by long and intense training. It includes a wide range of varied events (six apparatus for men, four for women). The complex nature of this sport poses a unique consideration when working to define training sessions variables and measure training load.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The implementation of a load monitoring system also has inherent challenges. The system must be individualized for each gymnast as well as accommodate for the variation\u00a0in gymnastics events and training and answer gymnastics specific questions<\/span>1, 8<\/span>. Athletes and coaches will need to trust that monitoring is beneficial to them<\/span>8<\/span>. The system needs to be simple, self-reporting, and discourage parent and coach input to minimize bias. Barriers to accurate self-monitoring include fear that the data will negatively impact their ability to train, motivation to participate, recall bias, and community acceptance<\/span>8<\/span>. The intricacies lie not only in how data is gathered, but\u00a0in having the processes to\u00a0obtain and\u00a0analyze\u00a0the data\u00a0frequently, as well as provide feedback, and\u00a0implement changes to training accordingly<\/span>8<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

FUTURE RESEARCH IS IMPERATIVE<\/b><\/p>\n

Tools to monitor training in gymnasts are currently under in and include gymnastics-specific monitoring tools and internal load tools, such as apparatus specific RPEs, weighting factors for zones of intensity and wearable accelerometers to measure impact loading rates. Future research should aim to test these ideas longitudinally to find reliable, valid and practically useful tools that easily produce meaningful data. This information may assist coaches and medical providers to develop training plans that decrease injury rates and enhance performances. The tools could provide substantial benefits to gymnasts\u2019 physical and mental health, as well as performance and injury risk.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Authors<\/strong>:<\/span> Patel, Tejal S.(<\/span>1)<\/span>; Faustin, Marcia (<\/span>2)<\/span>; Katz, Nicole B. (<\/span>3)<\/span>; Kruse, David W. (<\/span>4)<\/span>; Tilley, David (<\/span>5)<\/span>; Laird, Jason (<\/span>6)<\/span>; Casey, Ellen (<\/span>7)<\/span><\/p>\n

(1)<\/span>British Gymnastics; University of Bath<\/span><\/p>\n

(2)<\/span>UC Davis, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation; UC Davis, Family & Community Medicine<\/span><\/p>\n

(3)<\/span>Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation<\/span><\/p>\n

(4)<\/span>Orthopaedic Specialty Institute; Hoag Orthopedic Institute<\/span><\/p>\n

(5)<\/span>Champion Physical Therapy and Performance; SHIFT<\/span><\/p>\n

(6)<\/span>Coventry University<\/span><\/p>\n

(7)<\/span>Hospital for Special Surgery, Physiatry\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Corresponding Author:<\/b><\/p>\n

Ellen Casey, MD, FASCM<\/span>
\n<\/span>Associate Professor<\/span><\/p>\n

Director of Research, Dept of Physiatry<\/span><\/p>\n

Hospital for Special Surgery<\/span><\/p>\n

535 East 70th Street, New York, NY 10021<\/span><\/p>\n

(212) 606-1149<\/span><\/p>\n

caseye@hss.edu<\/span><\/p>\n

Statements<\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

Competing interests:<\/span><\/i> Not applicable.<\/span><\/i>
\n<\/span><\/i>Contributorship: E.C. led the coordination of this project. T.P. was the project originator and created the accompanying infographic. All authors contributed to reviewing the literature and writing the published work.<\/span><\/i>
\n<\/span><\/i>Acknowledgements:<\/span><\/i> Not applicable.<\/span><\/i>
\n<\/span><\/i>Funding, grant and award info:<\/span><\/i> Not applicable.<\/span><\/i>
\n<\/span><\/i>Ethical approval information: Not applicable.<\/span><\/i>
\n<\/span><\/i>Data sharing statement:<\/span><\/i> Not applicable.<\/span><\/i>
\n<\/span><\/i>Patient involvement: Not applicable. No patients were involved.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

REFERENCES<\/b><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Campbell RA, Bradshaw EJ, Ball NB, et al. Injury epidemiology and risk factors in competitive artistic gymnasts: a systematic review. <\/span>British journal of sports medicine<\/span><\/i> 2019;53(17):1056-69. doi: 10.1136\/bjsports-2018-099547 [published Online First: 2019\/01\/24]<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Guerra MR, Estelles JR, Abdouni YA, et al. FREQUENCY OF WRIST GROWTH PLATE INJURY IN YOUNG GYMNASTS AT A TRAINING CENTER. <\/span>Acta Ortop Bras<\/span><\/i> 2016;24(4):204-07. doi: 10.1590\/1413-785220162404157422 [published Online First: 2017\/03\/01]<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. Sanchez AM, Galb\u00e8s O, Fabre-Guery F, et al. Modelling training response in elite female gymnasts and optimal strategies of overload training and taper. <\/span>Journal of sports sciences<\/span><\/i> 2013;31(14):1510-9. doi: 10.1080\/02640414.2013.786183 [published Online First: 2013\/05\/10]<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. Campbell RA, Bradshaw EJ, Ball N, et al. Effects of digital filtering on peak acceleration and force measurements for artistic gymnastics skills. <\/span>Journal of sports sciences<\/span><\/i> 2020;38(16):1859-68. doi: 10.1080\/02640414.2020.1757374 [published Online First: 2020\/04\/25]<\/span><\/li>\n
  5. Dumortier J, Mariman A, Boone J, et al. Sleep, training load and performance in elite female gymnasts. <\/span>Eur J Sport Sci<\/span><\/i> 2018;18(2):151-61. doi: 10.1080\/17461391.2017.1389992 [published Online First: 2017\/10\/27]<\/span><\/li>\n
  6. Sartor F, Vailati E, Valsecchi V, et al. Heart rate variability reflects training load and psychophysiological status in young elite gymnasts. <\/span>Journal of strength and conditioning research \/ National Strength & Conditioning Association<\/span><\/i> 2013;27(10):2782-90. doi: 10.1519\/JSC.0b013e31828783cc [published Online First: 2013\/02\/01]<\/span><\/li>\n
  7. Trucharte P, Ignacio G. Analysis and comparison of training load between two groups of women\u2019s artistic gymnastics related to the perception of effort and the rating of the perceived effort session. <\/span>Science of Gymnastics Journal<\/span><\/i> 2021;13(1):19-33.<\/span><\/li>\n
  8. Duignan CM, Slevin PJ, Caulfield BM, et al. Exploring the Use of Mobile Athlete Self-report Measures in Elite Gaelic Games: A Qualitative Approach. <\/span>Journal of strength and conditioning research \/ National Strength & Conditioning Association<\/span><\/i> 2021;35(12):3491-99. doi: 10.1519\/jsc.0000000000003334 [published Online First: 2021\/12\/01]<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Benefits, Challenges, and Future Directions of Monitoring Training Load in Artistic Gymnastics Key words: Athletic Injuries, Gymnastics, Sports Medicine INTRODUCTION At the 2019 Artistic Gymnastics World Championships and 2021 Olympics, an international group of gymnastics practitioners discussed the challenges of monitoring training load and the need for progression in this area.   Optimal methods for […]<\/p>\n

    Read More…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":463,"featured_media":10214,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[16068],"class_list":["post-10212","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-featured"],"yoast_head":"\nMonitoring Training Load in Artistic Gymnastics - BJSM blog - social media's leading SEM voice<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/2022\/09\/30\/monitoring-training-load-in-artistic-gymnastics\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Monitoring Training Load in Artistic Gymnastics - BJSM blog - social media's leading SEM voice\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Benefits, Challenges, and Future Directions of Monitoring Training Load in Artistic Gymnastics Key words: Athletic Injuries, Gymnastics, Sports Medicine INTRODUCTION At the 2019 Artistic Gymnastics World Championships and 2021 Olympics, an international group of gymnastics practitioners discussed the challenges of monitoring training load and the need for progression in this area.   Optimal methods for [...]Read More...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bjsm\/2022\/09\/30\/monitoring-training-load-in-artistic-gymnastics\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"BJSM blog - 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