{"id":418,"date":"2013-04-03T20:00:13","date_gmt":"2013-04-03T19:00:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc-archimedes\/?p=418"},"modified":"2013-03-30T20:03:43","modified_gmt":"2013-03-30T19:03:43","slug":"grade-it","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/2013\/04\/03\/grade-it\/","title":{"rendered":"GRADE it."},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft\" alt=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/www.gradeworkinggroup.org\/graphs\/logo.gif\" width=\"168\" height=\"120\" \/>As mentioned quite some time ago, there are a number of ways of approaching the ideas of indicating the strength of evidence behind recommendations. Archi has stuck with a rather old, but easy-to-follow version from the Centre for Evidence Based Medicine in Oxford. During the decade of Archi&#8217;s existence there&#8217;s been the steady development of a tool handily called <a href=\"http:\/\/www.gradeworkinggroup.org\/\">GRADE<\/a>. This produces high to very-low strengths of evidence, which translate into strong or weak recommendations. Explaining this seemed to be complicated, but Jeremy Howick has cracked a <a href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jebm.12018\/abstract\">straightforward approach.<\/a><br \/>\n<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>GRADE recommendations for interventions can be achieved by following a five-step process:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: 13px\">Rank on the basis of randomised (high) or observational (low) study design<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Upgrade or downgrade on specific features of study results or conduct<br \/>\nUp for Consistent effects, Dose response or Confounders plausibly reducing effects seen<br \/>\nDown for High risk of bias in individual studies, publication or small study bias, Inconsistent, Indirect or Imprecise results<\/li>\n<li>Use this to assign an evidence level (High, Moderate, Low or Very Low)<\/li>\n<li>Consider other factors affecting a recommendation &#8211; like balances of harms and benefits, patient preferences and cost effectiveness<\/li>\n<li>Develop the strength of the recommendation (strong or weak)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Such decisions can be supported with standardised templates for the evidence, and <a title=\"\u201cIt ain\u2019t what you say but the way that you say it\u201d\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc-archimedes\/2010\/06\/26\/it-aint-what-you-say-but-the-way-that-you-say-it\/\">as mentioned previously\u00a0<\/a>putting your recommendations in this frame can be very helpful to everyone.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<!--TrendMD v2.4.8--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As mentioned quite some time ago, there are a number of ways of approaching the ideas of indicating the strength of evidence behind recommendations. Archi has stuck with a rather old, but easy-to-follow version from the Centre for Evidence Based Medicine in Oxford. During the decade of Archi&#8217;s existence there&#8217;s been the steady development of [&#8230;]<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn btn-secondary understrap-read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/2013\/04\/03\/grade-it\/\">Read More&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-418","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archimedes"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>GRADE it.  - ADC Online Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/2013\/04\/03\/grade-it\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"GRADE it.  - ADC Online Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"As mentioned quite some time ago, there are a number of ways of approaching the ideas of indicating the strength of evidence behind recommendations. Archi has stuck with a rather old, but easy-to-follow version from the Centre for Evidence Based Medicine in Oxford. During the decade of Archi&#8217;s existence there&#8217;s been the steady development of [...]Read More...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/2013\/04\/03\/grade-it\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ADC Online Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2013-04-03T19:00:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/www.gradeworkinggroup.org\/graphs\/logo.gif\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Bob Phillips\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Bob Phillips\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/2013\\\/04\\\/03\\\/grade-it\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/2013\\\/04\\\/03\\\/grade-it\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Bob Phillips\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9e94029681ecf36e73bbd1eb2be2ef94\"},\"headline\":\"GRADE it.\",\"datePublished\":\"2013-04-03T19:00:13+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/2013\\\/04\\\/03\\\/grade-it\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":227,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/2013\\\/04\\\/03\\\/grade-it\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/www.gradeworkinggroup.org\\\/graphs\\\/logo.gif\",\"articleSection\":[\"archimedes\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/2013\\\/04\\\/03\\\/grade-it\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/2013\\\/04\\\/03\\\/grade-it\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/2013\\\/04\\\/03\\\/grade-it\\\/\",\"name\":\"GRADE it. - ADC Online Blog\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/2013\\\/04\\\/03\\\/grade-it\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/2013\\\/04\\\/03\\\/grade-it\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/www.gradeworkinggroup.org\\\/graphs\\\/logo.gif\",\"datePublished\":\"2013-04-03T19:00:13+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/2013\\\/04\\\/03\\\/grade-it\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/2013\\\/04\\\/03\\\/grade-it\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/2013\\\/04\\\/03\\\/grade-it\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"http:\\\/\\\/www.gradeworkinggroup.org\\\/graphs\\\/logo.gif\",\"contentUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/www.gradeworkinggroup.org\\\/graphs\\\/logo.gif\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/2013\\\/04\\\/03\\\/grade-it\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"GRADE it.\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/\",\"name\":\"ADC Online Blog\",\"description\":\"Education, debate, and meandering thoughts on child health, using evidence and research.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"ADC Online Blog\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/files\\\/2017\\\/10\\\/blog-logo-adc.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/files\\\/2017\\\/10\\\/blog-logo-adc.png\",\"width\":285,\"height\":34,\"caption\":\"ADC Online Blog\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9e94029681ecf36e73bbd1eb2be2ef94\",\"name\":\"Bob Phillips\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/9ce6165c429dd8d36e6532db799ebe58e6f9c614c44e05e60d553e4bac662441?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/9ce6165c429dd8d36e6532db799ebe58e6f9c614c44e05e60d553e4bac662441?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/9ce6165c429dd8d36e6532db799ebe58e6f9c614c44e05e60d553e4bac662441?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Bob Phillips\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.bmj.com\\\/adc\\\/author\\\/bphillips\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"GRADE it.  - ADC Online Blog","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/2013\/04\/03\/grade-it\/","og_locale":"en_GB","og_type":"article","og_title":"GRADE it.  - ADC Online Blog","og_description":"As mentioned quite some time ago, there are a number of ways of approaching the ideas of indicating the strength of evidence behind recommendations. Archi has stuck with a rather old, but easy-to-follow version from the Centre for Evidence Based Medicine in Oxford. During the decade of Archi&#8217;s existence there&#8217;s been the steady development of [...]Read More...","og_url":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/2013\/04\/03\/grade-it\/","og_site_name":"ADC Online Blog","article_published_time":"2013-04-03T19:00:13+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.gradeworkinggroup.org\/graphs\/logo.gif","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"Bob Phillips","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Bob Phillips","Estimated reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/2013\/04\/03\/grade-it\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/2013\/04\/03\/grade-it\/"},"author":{"name":"Bob Phillips","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/#\/schema\/person\/9e94029681ecf36e73bbd1eb2be2ef94"},"headline":"GRADE it.","datePublished":"2013-04-03T19:00:13+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/2013\/04\/03\/grade-it\/"},"wordCount":227,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/2013\/04\/03\/grade-it\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http:\/\/www.gradeworkinggroup.org\/graphs\/logo.gif","articleSection":["archimedes"],"inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/2013\/04\/03\/grade-it\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/2013\/04\/03\/grade-it\/","url":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/2013\/04\/03\/grade-it\/","name":"GRADE it. - ADC Online Blog","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/2013\/04\/03\/grade-it\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/2013\/04\/03\/grade-it\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http:\/\/www.gradeworkinggroup.org\/graphs\/logo.gif","datePublished":"2013-04-03T19:00:13+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/2013\/04\/03\/grade-it\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/2013\/04\/03\/grade-it\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/2013\/04\/03\/grade-it\/#primaryimage","url":"http:\/\/www.gradeworkinggroup.org\/graphs\/logo.gif","contentUrl":"http:\/\/www.gradeworkinggroup.org\/graphs\/logo.gif"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/2013\/04\/03\/grade-it\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"GRADE it."}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/#website","url":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/","name":"ADC Online Blog","description":"Education, debate, and meandering thoughts on child health, using evidence and research.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/#organization","name":"ADC Online Blog","url":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/files\/2017\/10\/blog-logo-adc.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/files\/2017\/10\/blog-logo-adc.png","width":285,"height":34,"caption":"ADC Online Blog"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/#\/schema\/person\/9e94029681ecf36e73bbd1eb2be2ef94","name":"Bob Phillips","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9ce6165c429dd8d36e6532db799ebe58e6f9c614c44e05e60d553e4bac662441?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9ce6165c429dd8d36e6532db799ebe58e6f9c614c44e05e60d553e4bac662441?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9ce6165c429dd8d36e6532db799ebe58e6f9c614c44e05e60d553e4bac662441?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Bob Phillips"},"url":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/author\/bphillips\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/418","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=418"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/418\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=418"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=418"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/adc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=418"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}