Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men and family history of cancer and age are the strongest contributing factors. We followed about 600,000 men from the Swedish Family-Cancer Database (world’s largest of its kind) for 10 years to design the Prostate Cancer Risk Assessment Model (PCRAM) for the first time, which enables clinicians to assess a man’s risk of prostate cancer based on his personal and family history of prostate, oesophagus and breast cancers. PCRAM, which was successfully tested in another large sample, also contains a chart of equivalent ages by risk score that assists health care providers to estimate when to begin prostate cancer screening individually. (By Mahdi Fallah, MD, PhD, http://jmg.bmj.com/content/49/5/345 )